落花生育種

Abstract

本試驗利用雜交育種方法，以選育食味佳、豐產、大粒、耐病蟲害與適合機械化栽培的優良品種為目標。本年度 (103年秋作至104年春作) 工作包括：(1)進行人工雜交10個組合，共獲得雜交種子717粒。(2) 以混合法分別培育2012–2015年間各期作的雜交後代，並於F5世代依照育種目標及莢果數目、大小、與形狀選拔731優良單株。(3) 品系第一年試驗結果，株行試驗有88個品系晉級，二行試驗有50個品系晉級。(4) 品系第二年試驗結果，104年春作有NS0140025 等10個品系，乾莢果產量高於對照品種臺南14號。(5) 品系第三年試驗結果，103年秋作第Ⅰ組試驗結果有NS014005 等3個品系，產量較對照品種臺南選9號高。第Ⅱ組試驗結果有NS014014 等2個品系，較對照品種臺南選9號高。104年春作第Ⅰ組試驗結果有NS014005 等5 個品系較對照種臺南選9 號高。第Ⅱ組試驗結果，有NS014014 等5個品系較對照品種臺南選9號高。 The overall objective of peanut breeding program in Tainan District Agricultural Research & Extension Station (Tainan DARES) is to develop peanut cultivars that is profitable to producers, and acceptable to processors and consumers. Currently, specific breeding objective is the development of peanut cultivates with large seed mass, high yield and resistant to diseases. The results of this fiscal year's experiment were summarized as follows. 1) Ten crosses between the large-seeded germplasm lines high yielding and best quality cultivates were made and 717 of F1 seeds were obtained. 2) Bulk method was used to handle the segregation generations of artificial hybridizations made in 2012~2015. A total of 764 plants in F5 generation was selected on the basis of pod yield, pod size and pod shape. 3) There were 88 promising strains in plant-to-row trial and 50 promising strains in the first year yield trial. 4) In the second year trial,10 promising strains included NS0140025 had significantly higher pod yield than the check Tainan No.14.in the spring crop season of 2015 5) In the third year trial of 2014 fall crop season, 3 promising strains included NS014005 in class Ⅰ test, and 2 promising strains included NS014014 in class Ⅱ test had significantly higher pod yield than the check, Tainan No. 9. In the spring crop season of 2015, 5 promising strains included NS014005 in class Ⅰ test, and 5 promising strains ,included NS014014 in class Ⅱ test had significantly higher pod yield than the check, Tainan No. 9.