柳橙品質之標準與鑑定的研究

Abstract

本研究以台南縣東山鄉、嘉義縣竹崎鄉及南投縣中寮鄉等之不同採收期及貯藏期的柳橙為試驗材料，進行柳橙之物化與官能品質分析。所得之結果以與消費者型品評員喜好程度最具相關性之果皮色澤及可食部份之可溶性固形物含量、滴定酸度及糖酸比等項目建立柳橙品質評鑑標準。試驗所用柳橙果皮色澤之a及b值分別主要分佈在-12~38及21~40，而其可食部份之可溶性固形物含量、滴定酸度及糖酸比的範圍分別為9~16˚Brix，0.1~1.4％及7~120。依所建立之柳橙品質評鑑標準，且將果實等級分為乙等（優級）及甲等（特級），則屬於乙等（優級）及甲等（特級）的柳橙果皮之a及b值均須分別大於8及32，而其可溶性固形物含量須分別在12與12.5˚Brix以以上，糖酸比分別為20~50與25~45。 Using Liucheng orange produced at Dungshan in Tainan, Chuchi in Chiayi and Chungliau in Nantou during harvesting and storage time as the experimental materials, the physicochemical and sensory qualities for the fruits were analyzed by instruments and consumer-type panelists. The quality standards of Liucheng orange are established by the results from the a and b values of epicarp, the total soluble solids (˚Brix), titratable acidity and the ratio of ˚Brix and titratable acidity (S/A) of endocarp which are correlated with the degree of overall preference for fruits. The ranges of a and b values of epicarp, the ˚Brix, titratable acidity and S/A of endocarp for Liucheng orange are, -12 ~38, 21~40, 9 ~16 ˚Brix, 0.1 - 1.4% and 7 ~120, respectively in this study. According to the quality standards established for Liucheng orange, to be grade A and AA of Liucheng orange, the a and b values of epicarp must be above 8 and 32, respectively; the ˚Brix must be above 12 and 12.5 ˚Brix and the S/A must be in the range of 20~50 and 25~45, respectively.