柑橘類品質抽驗與監測之調查

Abstract

為瞭解台灣柑橘、柳橙之品質安全狀況。於民國80年7月1日至83年6月30日，自全省各重要產地調查農藥及重金屬殘留情形，並針對問題進行輔導工作。結果在柑橘上常使用之農藥類別包括殺蟲劑、殺菌劑及殺瞞劑，且部分不得檢出藥劑使用較多，例如：第滅寧、得拉松、快得寧、新殺瞞、甲基巴拉松、三亞瞞、達馬松、賽滅寧、百滅寧等。栽植柳橙之果園其土壤重金屬含量分佈範圍砷為0.4至18.91ppm、鎘為o至0.47ppm、鉻為0至3.22ppm、銅為0.67至109.5ppm、汞為0至0.43ppm、鎳為0.2至7.45ppm、鉛為1.86至11.36ppm、鋅為1.54至58.63ppm。其中60％土壤pH值小於4.5，屬於適合柳橙生長的微弱酸性（pH5.5-6.5）的土壤，僅佔19.77％。柳橙果汁中均未檢出砷及農藥殘留含量。 The purpose of this investigation is to understand pesticides and heavy metals residue in citrus and orangery soil respectively. In past three years, from July 1991 to June 1994, we collected samples from main productive areas in Taiwan. We found that insecticide, fungicide and acaricide were used on citrus widely. And there was no tolerance for some of them, such as decamethrin, torak, quinolate, neoron, methyl parathion, triazid, tamaron, permethrin and cypermethrin. The heavy metals concentration ranges of orangery soil are as follows : arsenic was from 0.4ppm to 18.9lppm, cadmium was up to 0.47ppm, chromium was up to 3.22ppm, copper was from 0.67ppm to 109.5ppm, mereury was up to 0.43ppm, nickel was from 0.2ppm to 7.45ppm, lead was from 1.86ppm to 11.36ppm and zinc was from 1.54ppm to 58.63ppm. The pH value of 60 % orangery soil samples were less than 4.5 and only 19.77 % were between 5.5 and 6.5 which is proper pH range for citrus growth. There was no pesticide or arsenic be detected in orange juices.