長形山藥之生產改進與貯藏之研究

Abstract

長形山藥種原的收集與利用開始於民國70年代中期，並由其中選出數個表現較佳之品種，目前進行區域試驗中。長形山藥塊莖薯形長棍棒狀，深入土中達1公尺，採收困難，為解決此問題建立塑膠管誘導栽培方式，由試驗結果得知長形山藥於花蓮地區以4月初～5月初為最適栽種時期，當行距為120cm時，株距30cm為適。收穫後貯藏於10oC下顯著地減輕失重現象，可保存半年以上的良好品質及外觀。 The germplasm of long-shapd yam (Dioscorea spp.) has been collected by the Hualien District Agricultural Improvement Station since 1984. Some superior lines have been selected and are currently under regional yield trials. As the tubers of long-shaped yam usually penetrate about 1 m in depth into the soil, how to reduce the harvest cost and maintain tuber quality are the major problems encountered. To solve these problems, the plastic pipe method for long-shaped yam cultivation has been developed. In order to increase tuber yield, early April to early May is recommended as the optimum planting date. Ridge culture with a spacing of 120 cm between rows and 30 cm between plants is also recommended. Tuber quality, in terms of fresh weight, taste, and apperance, could be maintained for at least 6 months if the tubers are stored under low temperature ( <10℃).