台灣果樹產業之回顧與前瞻

Abstract

台灣光復後45年來，果樹事業有了很大的進步與蓬勃的發展。1988年全省果樹種植面積有236餘公頃，生產量達236萬餘公噸。平均每人每年水果消費也有104公斤。種類與品種增多，南北與不同海拔地帶交互利用，調節產期，改進耕作技術，增加單位面積產量，改進品質等均有長足之進步。但近年來工資高漲，地價昂貴，在水果外銷上，逐漸失去競爭力。如香蕉及鳳梨等，栽培面積大幅萎縮；然而，新種類、新品種、高品質與不時生產(off season)之水果，不獨受市場歡迎，也是收益較高的作物，產銷的型式更逐漸變成內銷為主外銷為輔的型態，但發展前景仍是光明的。 Fruit industry in Taiwan have had great improvement and development in past 45 years. The fruit cultivated area was more than 210 thousands hectares and production was 2.36 million metric tons in 1988. The average annual fruit consumption was 104 kg per capita. The improvement are more remarkable in increase of fruit species, modernization of cultural technology, increase of yield, improvement of quality, production of off-season fruits and planting crops according to latitude and altitude. However, market competition of fruits such as banana and pineapple have also declined due to raise of labor and land expenses. On the other hand, new fruit crops, high quality and off-season fruit products maintan high income and are still favored by market. Meanwhile, domestic consumption gradually replaced export and become the major market. The potential of fruit industry is bright in Taiwan.