國產與進口甜橙及葡萄抽鮮果品質之比較

Abstract

柑橘類水果為本省冬季生產水果之大宗，因國際農產品貿易自由化與國際化之趨勢及新臺幣升值與關稅降低影響所致，大量國外之甜橙與葡萄柚進口，對本國水果之生產造成很大的衝擊。本研究即以屬進口水果大宗之甜橙與葡萄柚為探討對象，以台中地區市場抽樣所得之國產與進口柑桔水果，分別利用物理，化學及儀器分析與官能品評方法，測定兩者之營養，風味，質地，色澤等特性及消費者喜好性，比較兩類之差異。 其中就葡萄柚而言，國產品之酸度及糖度均較進口品為低，但其皮較薄且多汁。唯喜好性試驗結果兩者並無多大差異。而在甜橙方面，進口甜橙其風味雖較強但酸度高，在鮮食喜好性上得分較國產甜橙（柳橙）低，且其價格較柳橙高出許多，較不經濟。至於國產碰柑與桶柑兩種，則因其酸甜適中，在整體喜好性上均得分最高。 Citrus fruits are the major kind of fruit in winter in Taiwan. Due to the free trade policy, New Taiwan dollars’ value rise and customs decline, the majority of imported goods including oranges and grapefruits are sold in the market, it is a big strike to the local citrus fruits producers. The purpose of this study is using sensory evaluaion and instrumental analysis to investigate the quality of local produced citrus fruits and imported ones and to analyze the correspondence and difference between the results from the sensory and chemical/physical analysis. The results are as follows 1. The acidity and Brix of the local grapefruits were less than that of imported ones, but its juiciness and freshness were superior to those of imported ones. However, they were not significantly different in hedonic sensory scores. 2. For the oranges, the imported ones had higher acidity, stronger flavor and more expensive than the local ones, the sensory results showed the local ones were superior to the imported ones. For Ponkan and Tonkan, they have optimal Brix/Acid, they were liked by local prople for fresh consumption.