梨栽培之回顧與展望

Abstract

台灣之梨樹栽培歷史尚短，在光很後才漸具規模，近年並發展出橫山梨之產期調節及橫山梨高接溫帶梨等多種栽培模式，而於近一、二十年成為重要的果樹產業之一。然而，在相關的栽培管理技術基準未完全建立，且氣候不完全適合及不穩定的影響下，因果園管理過於粗放，病蟲害發生嚴重，果園土壤理化性日漸劣化，導致樹勢弱化，使生產力降低，果實生產技術及品質無法大幅提升，生產成本偏高而農民所得偏低。本文針對產業遭遇之問題提出探討，並對及未來產業發展方向提出解決建議，期能有所助益。 The history of pear cultivation in Taiwan is short, it had became an industry since 1950s. In Taiwan, many cultural models were developed in recent years, such as off-season production of Hengshan pear and top-grafting of Japanese pear scion on Hengshan pear. Whereas, under the conditions that the related standard of cultural practice is not completely established and the trees can not adapted to the local weather conditions · well, it was rather rough in the orchard management. On the other hand, the damage caused by disease and pest happened frequently, and chemical and physical properties of the orchard soil were spoiled by the improper application of fertilizers and nutrients. Therefore, the tree vigor was weakened year after year, and lowered down the productivity and fruit quality. In this article, the problems in the industry were discussed and some suggestions were proposed.