桃的設施栽培

Abstract

在南投縣仁愛鄉梅峰國立台灣大學附設山地實驗農場興建設施水蜜桃園的公頃。線接於苦桃實生站木上的桃樹共52品種6到株按Tatura Trellis密植體系種植，株行距15 X 5.4 m2 。圓拱型的隔雨設施以4分管徑的鐘錚自鐵管為骨架，沿樹行立柱，拱頂在行間街接，柱距1 m，拱高4 m；幢輿幢間有天溝銜接使雨水不落入果圍內。0.2mm厚之網紋PVC塑膠布於1990年1月下旬被覆，9月卸除。在塑膠布被覆期間，果園實施滴水灌溉補充水分不足。初步觀察設施栽培之有利結果如下: 一生長物候提前，有利產期調節。 一隔離風雨，開花著果良好。 一產量提高並結果穩定。 一果實品質提升;其糖度、良果率、與脖藏力均較露地栽培者高。 實施設施栽培要注意仲夏高溫與紅蜘蛛之危害。 A 0.5 hac protected cultivation of Tatura Trellis orchard was established in the Experimental Highland Farm of National Taiwan University(Mei-Feng, Nantor County, 24° 08' N, ASL 2,100m), for 52 varieties of peach to protect the blooming and fruiting from rains in the spring through summer. Positive results of this technigue were : -Sprouting was advanced, and so was ripening, from 10 to 15 days, depending on the variety. - better and more regular setting, (trees protected against rain and wind during bloom. ) -higher and more regular production. -low percentage of non-marketable fruits. The frame of the structure was constructed of. metal pipes(# 26m/m)with posts onthe row and arches between rows allowed a better operation under the PE house. The plastic film used was 0.2mm thick PVC, which was covered at the end of January, and recovered in the mid August after the fruits were harvested. To diminish negative effects of severe water stress due to the seperate of rainfall, a trickle irrigation system was set up. During the hottest hours of sunny days, ventilization or canopy misting was important to keep the temperature below 35 oC for better fruit growing under .the protection. Some pests were less important than in the open(ie. leaf curl disease, bacterial spot and brown rot), some are more aggressive(red mite).