果樹種源保存及利用

Abstract

果樹種源的保存可以掌握更寬廣的遺傳資源，以期增加育種材料，對未來更具有挑戰及適應的潛力，所以世界各國正積極地進行種源收集及保存的工作。目前果樹種源保存的途徑可分就地保存、遷地保存和離體保存三類，尤其正積極地展開以組織培養技術在果樹種源保存上的利用之研究，希望能發展出節省空間及人力的種源保存及交換的方法。嘉義農業試驗分所在熱帶及亞熱帶果樹種源保存上，具有優良的歷史和成就，現在正積極研究此類果樹種源的利用，以期能開發新興的園藝產業，本文站在園藝企業的立場，來看此類果樹種源，除了在習慣上的鮮食利用以外，就其在果樹育種、藥用、觀賞、果汁及其他果乾、蜜餞二等利用方面的潛力，做一番探討。 Due to the conservation of germplasm of fruits may preserve more genetic resources and increase the breeding materials, many countries of the world pay much attention to collecting and preserving germplasm of fruits. There are three methods for conservation of germplasm of fruits - in situ, cx situ and in vitro. Scientists are trying to use tissue culture technique to preserve the germplasm of fruits, for the purpose of developing economical methods of conservation and exchanging of germplasm at the present time. Chia-yi Agricultural Experiment Station, Taiwain Agricultural Research Institute has a good history and achievements in conservation of germplasm of subtropical and tropical fruits, and now this station makes a great effort to research the utilization of germplasm of these fruits, in order to develope new horticultural industries. In view of horticultural industry, this report introduces the potential value of germpiasm of fruits for fruit breeding, local medicines, ornaments, juice, dried fruits and preserves except table use.