建立硬質玉米種子籌供體系

Abstract

於台中市新社地區，以台農1 號及台南24 號玉米兩品種親本，模擬採種栽培，並以去雄時保留穗上葉片數處理，調查對生育及產量之影響，以作未來量產模式之參考。103 年計引進S11、S12 及102 等3 項新品種，第1 年觀察結果，S11 抽穗期與台南24 號及台農1 號相近，屬中早熟品種，於春作產量表現最佳，有潛力列為中早熟推廣品種。試驗資料顯示，乾燥穗倉溫度變化於乾燥前期受種穗含水率之影響較大，而乾燥中後期易隨大氣溫度變化而變化。粒倉處理時間較短，通常總時間不到一天，受環境影響不明顯。另三種不同乾燥方式對種子調製所需乾燥時間具顯著差異，對調製後成品種子及儲藏期間種子之水分含量、發芽率、發芽勢等差異不顯著。 We conducted different planting dates for corn ‘Tainan No.24’ and ‘Tainung No.1’ parents in Taichung area for autumn corp. To discuss the influence for number of leaves on the ear of corn after detasseling on seed production of corn. Investigation of adaptability to environment and growth characteristics and yield, as reference for future production models. This year we introduced three new varieties including S11, S12, and 102. According to the first-year observation, the heading stage of S11 is similar to ‘Tainan No.24’ and ‘Tainung No.1’, and has the best yield performance in the spring.S11 is evaluated to be an early maturing commercial variety but further observation are needed. This research investigated the effects of climate conditions on the temperature and the relative humidity in storehouses of corncobs, and used different drying methods to discuss the influence on the variation of corn seed moisture content, germination rate and viability. The object of the research was to achieve both the best energy-using efficiency and the seed quality in storage. The data from the experiment showed that temperature in storehouses of corncobs was mainly affected by the moisture content of corncobs at earlier stage of drying process, but varied with the atmosphere temperature at middle and later stage. On the other hand, the effect of environments on the temperature in storehouses of corn seeds was unapparent, because the drying time in storehouses of seeds was short, not longer than one day. The drying time for seed processing is significantly different between three drying methods, but the moisture content, germination rate and viability of processed seeds and stored seeds are not.