苗栗地區硬質玉米播種期及栽培密度試驗

Abstract

本場於102 年就現有硬質玉米品種在苗栗地區春、秋兩季進行不同播種期及栽培密度試驗，以瞭解各品種之籽實產量及適當栽培密度供農民參考。由春季三批次播種期發現，隨著生育期間之氣溫升高，各品種成熟期日數逐漸縮短，但4 月以後播種者玉米螟等蟲害發生明顯嚴重。綜合不同品種、播種期及栽培密度之試驗結果，苗栗地區春作適合的播種期為2 月下旬至3 月下旬，栽培密度則採行株距75×20 cm 方式種植。推薦種植品種依次為明豐103 號、農興688 號、明豐3 號及台南24 號。另由秋季三批次播種期試驗發現，隨著生育期間之氣溫及日照量降低，各品種成熟期日數逐漸延長，9 月下旬以後播種者晚熟品種 (如明豐3 號等) 生育日數過長，影響次年度第一期作插秧期。綜合上述結果，苗栗地區秋作適合的播種期為8 月下旬至9 月上旬，栽培密度則依栽培品種而異。推薦種植品種依次為明豐3 號、農興688 號、台南24 號及台農1 號；惟考量明豐3 號及103 號為私人種苗公司引進品種，種子貨源供應量不穩定，建議苗栗地區農友可採種苗繁殖改良場生產之農興688 號、台南24 號及台農1 號作為品種選擇之參考。 The trial of different plant densities and seeding dates will be conducted to find suitable plant distance and seeding time for commercial maize (corn) varieties in different seasons or locations. The yield trail and regional test were conducted to evaluate the field corn varieties for grain which with high yield and strong resistance to disease or pest and can be planted in Miaoli. 5 varieties were evaluated in yield trial for high yield in 2013, the hybrid Ming Feng 103 had highest yield in the regional trial in spring and the hybrid Ming Feng 3 had highest yield in autumn. The best seeding dates of field corn were between February to March, and plant density 75×25cm was better than 75×20cm in the season of spring. Furthermore, the best seeding dates of field corn were between August to September, and the suitable density was depended on field corn variety in the season of autumn.