環境因子對玉米種子調製效能影響之研究

Abstract

本研究調查及記錄玉米種子調製過程不同大氣環境條件下與乾燥倉溫濕度，種子水分變化與油耗量之數據，期能依環境之不同，提供最適乾燥方式予現場操作人員判斷，以達到縮短乾燥時間、最高能源利用效率和最佳調製品質。調查結果顯示，種穗乾燥倉的相對濕度，於乾燥初期因表面水分快速蒸發而提高，後即快速降低，且於第3–9，27–33，51–57 小時 (每日早上九時至下午三時) 具最大降幅，乾燥期間日溫度及相對溼度範圍在12.1℃–20.7℃及59–94%時，種穗水分含量由30.7%降至17.8%需72 小時，油耗量1,090 公升。日溫度及相對溼度範圍在7.5–16.5℃及58–96%時，種穗水份含量由30.5%降至18%需75.4 小時，油耗量為1,127 公升。顯示環境因子對種穗調製所需乾燥時間與油耗量具顯著影響，藉由選擇適當乾燥之環境可顯著提升種穗調製之效能。 This research investigated the temperature and relative humidity of drying bin.seed moisture, shelling rate, germination and fuel consumption during seed processing to provide the most optimum drying condition to shorten the drying duration and promote the energy efficiency and processing quality. The result shows the R. H. of the drying bin raised due to seed surface moisture evaporation and then drop rapidly, the largest decrease range is at 3–9, 27–33 and 51–57(am 9:00 to pm 3:00) hours after processing. It takes 72 hours and 1,090 L fuel to decrease seed moisture from 30.7% to 17.8% in 12.1–20.7℃ and 59–94 % R. H.. To decrease seed moisture from 30.5% to 18.0% takes 75.4 hours and 1,127 L fuel in 7.5–16.5℃ and 58–96% R. H.. The result shows that environment condition significantly affect the drying duration and fuel consumption and the appropriate drying condition and promote the seed processing efficiency.