雲嘉南地區環境親和型旱田輪作經營模式

Abstract

試驗旨在探討旱田輪作制度各期作對土壤肥力、作物田間雜草、病蟲害發生及作物灌水量，以及作物產量與收益之評估。耕作制度有六種為：A. 甜玉米-綠肥田菁-胡麻；B. 甜玉米-綠肥田菁-黑豆；C. 綠豆-綠肥田菁-甜玉米；D. 黑豆-綠肥田菁-甜玉米；E.紅高粱-綠肥田菁-綠豆；F.薏苡-綠肥田菁-胡麻等等六種處理。試驗結果，雜草重量以處理C. 春作之綠豆田間公頃鮮株重4,260 公斤最高。夏作綠肥田菁發生斜紋夜盜蟲，危害率輕微僅0.2%。秋作綠豆及黑豆發生斜紋夜盜蟲，危害率8.9%.。作物產值以秋作胡麻338,550 元/公頃最高。輪作模式全年淨收益以處理F:薏苡-綠肥田菁-胡麻之公頃淨收益506,830 元最多。輪作模式田間公頃總用水量(灌溉水量加降雨量)以處理A:甜玉米-綠肥田菁-胡麻最少僅10,319 立方公尺。 The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of upland crop rotation mode on the soil property, fertility, the density of weeds, disease, insect pest, water demand and crop yield. Six crop rotation systems contain: (A) sweet corn-sesbanias-sesame; (B) sweet corn-sesbanias-soybean; (C) mungbean-sesbanias-sweet corn; (D) soybean-sesbanias-sweet corn; (E) sorghum-sesbaniasmungbean; (F) Job's tears -sesbanias-sesame.There are six treatment in the program and the results are summarized as fallowed: The weeds of mungbean field was the highest 4,260 kg/ha in spring season. Army worm harmed 0.2% in Sesbanis、mungbean and soybean was harmed by Amy worm account for 8.9%. in fall season The net income of sesame was the highest (NT$338,550) in fall season. The annal net income of treatment F was the highest (NT$506,830). The treatment A had the lowest the water deamand 10,319 (m3/ha).