雲嘉南地區稻田耕作制度之研究

Abstract

本試驗旨在探討不同耕作制度對土壤肥力、作物田間雜草及病蟲害發生，以及作物產量與收益之影響。耕作制度分為：A.水稻－水稻(對照)、B.綠肥大豆－食用甘藷、C、水稻－綠肥田菁－洋香瓜、Ｄ.綠肥大豆－綠肥大豆－胡麻、E.毛豆－綠肥田菁－超甜玉米、F.水稻－綠肥大豆－向日葵等六種處理，試驗調查結果以耕作制度E.春作毛豆、夏作綠肥田菁及秋作超甜玉米之耕作模式最佳，其公頃淨收益99,990元，較CK耕作制度A(水稻－水稻)之73,750元高36%，增加收益26,240元，且此制度全年田間灌溉水量為3,370立方公尺，僅為耕作制度A(水稻－水稻)之9,690立方公尺的65.3%，節省灌溉水量6,330立方公尺。毛豆、田菁及超甜玉米之生育期短，易配合輪作，減少水稻種植面積，增加農民收益。 The result showed that the net profit (NT$ 99,990/ha) of treatment E (Vegetable soybean -Sesbania-Sweet corn) was 36% higher than the check, treatment A (Rice-Rice), and this rotation system only needed 6% water of the check. Treatmeut E was the best rotation system in 2004. It will be extended to farmer and reduced the planted area of rice.