落花生品種及栽培技術改良

Abstract

利用雜交育種方法，以選育受農民、加工業者及消費者歡迎之食味、豐產、大粒、耐病蟲害與適合機械化栽培的優良品種為落花生育種目標。本年度(92年秋作至93年春作)工作包括1)進行人工雜交12組合，共獲得雜交種子972粒，2)以混合法分別培育歷年育成的雜交後代，並於F5世代依育種目標選拔2,857優良單株，3)進行品系第一年試驗，試驗結果，株行試驗有314品系晉級，二行試驗有101品系晉級，4)進行品系第二年試驗，92年秋作有NS0188等38品系晉級，93年春作有NS0270等34品系乾莢果產量高於對照品種台南11號、台南12號，5)進行品系第三年試驗，92年秋作第I組在土庫試區試驗結果有NS0189等3品系，四湖試區只有NS0189之乾莢果產量較對照品種台南11號及台南12號為高，第II組在土庫試區試驗結果有NS0123等2品系，東勢試區有NS0113等2品系，乾莢果產量較對照台南11號、台南12號為高。 The objective of peanut breeding program is to develop peanut cultivars that is profitable to producers, and acceptable to processors and consumers. Currently, specific breeding objective is the development of peanut cultivars with large seed mass, high yield and resistant ro diseases. The results of this year were summarized as follows: 1)Twelve crosses were made and 972 F1 seeds were obtained. 2) Bulk method was used to handle the segregation generations made in 2001-2003. 2,857 plants in F5 generation was selected on the basis of pod yield, pod size and pod shape. 3) In plant-to-raw trial, 314 strains of the F5 generatio and 101 strains of the F6 generation were selected.