果園水土保持方法之導水率測定

Abstract

幼齡柑園水土保持方法之研究，本試驗於民國60年在鳳山熱帶園藝分所舉行，5年後在此試驗之9種不同處理方法中採取土壤，以定水頭法測定各樣品的飽和導水率，作為坡地果園土壤及水分管理之依據。 9種水土保持處理方法導水率之測定結果可歸為百喜草覆蓋、敷蓋(百喜草或戀風草)、淨耕及平台段四類，以百喜草全園覆蓋處理之導水率最高，5.15×10 cm/min.；水平排水式平台段最低，外緣7.59×10 cm/min.，內緣2.90×10 cm/min.。段處理外緣之導水率高於內緣。長期植草能增加土壤導水率，低透水性之坡地果園土壤，宜採用植草覆蓋的方法改良土壤通氣性與透水性。 In order to find out how to properly manage the soil and soil water movement of slopeland orchard, the experiment for determination of hydraulic conductivity of soil under each soil conservation treatment was carried out at Fengshan Tropical Horticultural Experiment Station in June 1975. Samples were taken from the plots of 9 treatments for the experiment & quot; Study on Soil Conservation Practices for Juvenile Orange Plantation & quot; conducted in 1971. From the results of the experiment, the hydraulic conductivities of the soils under the 9 treatments were as follows: Cover with Bahia grass has the highest hydraulic conductivity 5.15×102 cm/min. The least is obtained from drainage type level bench terrace 7.59×10 cm/min. in the toe area and 2.90×10 cm/min. in the heel area. Hydraulic conductivity in the toe area is higher than that of the heel for all types of bench terraces. In conclusion, hydraulic conductivity increased after grasses planted on slopeland orchard for a long period. In the meantime, soil aeration and water permeability were also improved. The soil which is low in hydraulic conductivity is suitable for vegetative cover treatment.