Studies on Cytoplasmic-Genetic Male Sterility in Cultivated Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) III. Histological investigation on pollen sterility of variety Taichung 65 having O. Rufipogon cytoplasm

Abstract

Cytoplasmic male-sterility is known to be induced in plant when nuclei of a given source are introduced into an alien cytoplasm by means of suitable crossings22. The cytoplasmic male sterility can be classified as auto-, homo- and allo-plasmic male sterilities, whenever the nuclear substitution is carried out between plants from the same population, from different genetic populations belonging to the same species and from different species, respectively. 本實驗係就具有 O. rufipogon 細胞質之細胞質不稔CMS水稻台中65號及其維持親本台中65號之花藥與花粉發育過程做一解析上之比較，以期對於細胞質不稔性之機構，能進一步的瞭解。 一般雄不稔花粉之雄配子發育過程中，花粉母細胞減數分裂相當正常，經減數分裂後，小孢子發育逐漸異常，有些可發育至單核晚期，但很少有進行小孢子第一有絲分裂。因此，小孢子之異常從單核早期開始。此時期，在正常花藥中之營養細胞開始消化，而雄不稔花藥內之營養細胞之異常，則逐漸變為明顯，隨著營養細胞之異常，小孢子亦隨之逐漸退化。營養層細胞異常可分為幾個類型，包括(A)營養層細胞異常肥大(球體形與丘陵形)(B)營養層細胞液胞化(C)營養層細胞融合形成質生質塊(D)營養層細胞物質之保持不逸出(E)營養層細胞內異常物質之形成(F)營養層細胞間與花藥壁之早期分離等。 由觀察結果可獲知，花藥內營養層細胞之各種異常與雄不稔性具最密切之關係。