1987年飛蝨類由海外遷入臺灣地區之概況

Abstract

為蒐證飛蝨類是否可藉氣流之流動，由海外侵入臺灣地區，分別在臺東、香蘭、馬公、嘉義、大村、三峽等地，架設高空捕蟲網，每日採集遷飛蟲體一次。由1978年調查資料顯示，褐飛蝨及白背飛蝨於1987年6～7月間，確可藉氣流遷入臺灣。在本年度其遷入係藉下列三種氣流由中國大陸中部及南部遷出而侵入臺灣地區。第一種氣流於6月7～10日飛蝨藉偏南之梅雨帶南方邊緣之濕暖氣團，由華南遷入臺灣地區。第二種氣流為藉低氣壓前緣，於6月23日至7月1日間，分成二批由華南遷出而侵入臺灣中部以南地區。第三種氣流為藉通過臺灣東北方向行進之颱風外圍環流，由華中方向遷入臺灣；即於7月13～17日，7月22～23日，7月28～29日分別發現大量飛蝨之侵入波，其係受賽洛瑪、費南、亞力士颱風之影響所致。因此，褐飛蝨及白背飛蝨由中國大陸之華中、華南遷出而侵入臺灣地區，又一次獲得肯定的證實。另從此亦可解釋在臺灣第二期水稻栽培期飛蝨類忽然猖獗成災之另一原因。 In order to obtain the data concerning the immigrations of planthoppers from oversea to Taiwan, we set up pole net stations at Taitung, Shannon, Makung, Chiayi, Tachun and Sanhsia in Taiwan to collect planthoppers at higher place. Based on the number of planthoppers collected by net-traps in 1987, we found that the brown planthopper (BPH) and the white-backed planthopper (WBPH) immigrated from oversea to Taiwan area assisted by air-currents during June to July, 1987. In this year, the planthoppers have six immigratory waves which assisted by three air-currents from southern mainland China to Taiwan area : (1) Assisted by warm and humid air mass in southern of Mei-Yu band from southern China to Taiwan during 7th-10th June. (2) Assisted by air-currents of the front margin of the low air-pressure from southern mainland China to Taiwan during 23rd June to 1st July. (3) Assisted by the circulation of typhoons which passed through or near the northeast of Taiwan made an anti-current which brought planthoppers from central and southern mainland China to Taiwan during 13th-29th July. Therefore, we concluded that the BPH and WBPH could immigrate from central and southern mainland China to Taiwan area.