植物健康管理之真諦及價值

Abstract

中國傳統文化的精髓包括崇尚自然、生活淡泊、順天應地及平衡觀等，這是天人合一以維持環境永績生存的哲學。現代文明快速發展的結果，物質重於精神，加上人口急速增加導致對物質的大量需求，過度掠取自然資源及破壞自然環境遂成為必然的結果。當人類發現環境快速惡化引起的可怕報應如慢性病普遍發生等，亟思改善，於是地球日、永續農業，有機農業等活動或產業相繼出現，其中永續農業的概念最被大眾接受，苟能徹底執行，對生產與環保二者間或能得到較佳的平衡點，而植物健康管理是永續農業的必備理念與知識，可落實至量產及行銷，達到生產安全又營養的農產品及營造環保的環境，並提昇國人生活水準，植物健康管理之真諦乃是營造最適合植物生長的生物性、化學性與物理性環境，佐以人文、以植物生理為基礎之栽培技術、土壤與營養管理、病虫草害綜合管理、環境調控等，針對個別作物建立一套可與時精進的標準作業流程（SOP），使植物在無（或最少量）農藥、最適量的肥料條件下，仍能控制病虫草害之發生在可接受的程度內，並使植物生長健康，展現應有的產量與品質，甚至激發更大潛能，增加投資報酬率，進而確保健康的環境，使人類及其他生物免於（或減少）直接或間接受害。因此，植物健康管理的真諦可歸納為整合各種農業技術成為知識，以知識營造環保的植生環境，以預防醫學及保健概念生產安全、富功能、有風味的生機產品，產品可以是有機或一般產品，延伸知識及產品至人體健康、確保政府與生產者及消費者共贏為目標等，所呈現的價值正是吾人最需要的。

The beauty of traditional Chinese culture is to promote nature, pursue spiritual comfort and coexist with all creatures on earth. However, with the rapid increase of population comes high demand of all kinds of material supplies. It causes the overuse of natural resources and the destruction of our eco-system. People nowadays are beginning to become aware of these problems. Thus, many activities and businesses are showing up in order to prevent the issues from getting worse, such as the holiday Earth Day, sustainable agriculture, organic agriculture, etc. Among them, sustainable agriculture is the most acceptable to balance production and environment. Plant health management (PHM) provides the basic concept and knowledge for sustainable agriculture. It can also be applied to resolve the problem of production and marketing in order to achieve the safe and healthy environment and food for humans to enjoy their life with good quality. PHM will build up most optimal environment with best biological, physical and chemical properties. With a combination of technologies from plant physiology, soil and fertility management, pest management, and environment control, the standard operation process for each crop can be set up individually. By achieving this stage of progress, crop can grow to stimulate its potential capacity and harvest in better quality and quantity, thus, increase the final return profit. Under this process, none or minimal pesticides are used in crop production, but it is still no damages from diseases and pests. In conclusion, PHM covers following aspects: integrating broader technologies to become practical knowledge, building up an eco-sound environment for crop production, producing safe food with higher quality by preventative measures to protect plant health, and extending this knowledge and products to human health in order to satisfy the need of government, producers and consumers.