毛豆品種改良

Abstract

本計畫目的育成大莢豐產、色澤及食味佳、著莢節位高、抗倒伏之品種供加工用，另外選育具有耐冷性、早熟、充實飽滿，且適合晚秋或早春栽培品種，以供鮮莢外銷用。本年度(1)88年秋作雜交豆娘 × 高雄三號等7佃組合，共獲得Fl種子99粒，並於89年春作培育其F1世代。(2)雜交後裔F2~F4世代採用混合法進行培育。F5~F7世代選取優良單株2,500株，並從株行試驗之3,198個系統中，計選出KVSl458等97個品系參加90年度第一年品系試驗。(3)第一年品系試驗計有100個品系（種）參試，選出25個優良品系參加90年度第二年品系試驗。(4)第二年品系試驗計有25個品系參試，88年秋作A組在參試8個品系中，合格莢產量以KVS965品系之5,959公斤及KVS960品系之5,375公斤表現最佳，較對照種高雄2號之5,250公斤分別增產13.5%及2.4％。B組參試8個品系中，合格莢產量以KVSI156品系之5,881公斤及KVS1063品系之5,575公斤表現較佳，但較對照種高雄2號之6,313公斤分別減產6.8％及11.7％。C組在參試9個品系中，合格莢產量僅有KVS980品系之5,750公斤較對照種高雄2號之5,538公斤增產3.8％表現較佳。89年春作A組在參試8個品系中，合格莢產量以KVSI198品系之10,938公斤及KVSI194品系之9,988公斤表現最佳，較對照種高雄2號之7,634公斤分別增產43.3％及30.8%。B組參試8個品系中，合格莢產量以KVS1269品系之11,175公斤及Kvsl249品系之9,675公斤表現較佳，較對照種高雄2號之9,219公斤分別增產21.2％及4.9％。C組在參試9個品系中，合格莢產量以KVSl306品系之11,683公斤及及KVSl312品系之11,383公斤表現較佳，較對照種高雄2號之7,619公斤分別增產53.3％及49.4％。預定選出5個優良品系參加90年度區域試驗。(5)毛豆新品系第二年區域試驗有KVS834等12個品系（種）在全省16個地區參試，目前資料正在整理分析中。 The purpose of vegetable soybean cross breeding is to develop new cultivars with large pod, high yield, good quality and high pod site that were suitable for export as frozen or fresh pod process and could adapt the stress in Taiwan. The experimental results were summarized as follow : (1) A total of 99 F1 hybrid seeds were obtained from 7 cross combinations in the fall crop season of 1999, and were propagated F I generation in the spring crop season of 2000. (2) In the propagation and selection trials, bulk method was applied to propagating F2-F4 segregative generations in the fall crop season of 1999 and the spring crop of 2000, respectively. A total of 2,500 superior single plants in F5-F7 generation were selected in the fall crop season of 1999 and the spring crop of 2000, respectively. In the plant-to-row trial, there were 97 fixed lines were selected depend on their performance in the fall crop season of 1999. (3) In the first year lines trial, there were 25 fixed lines were selected depend on their performance among 97 tested lines in the fall crop season of 1999. 4) The second year lines trial were separated three groups. KVS965 and KVS96O lines had higher qualified pod yield among 8 tested lines of A group, which were 13.5% and 12.4% higher than check variety, Kaohsi.ung 2 in the fall crop season of 1999, respectively. KVS 1165 and KVS 1063 lines had higher qualified pod yield among 8 tested lines of B group, which were 6.8% and 11.7% less than check variety, Kaohsiung 2 in the fall crop season of 1999, respectively. KVS98O line had higher qualified pod yield among 9 tested lines of C group, which was 3.8% higher than check variety, Kaohsiung 2 in the fall crop season of 1999. KVS 1198 and KVS 1194 lines had higher qualified pod yield among 8 tested lines of A group, which were 43.3% and 30.8% higher than check variety, Kaohsiung 2 in the spring crop season of 2000, respectively. (4) KVS1269 and KVS1249 lines had higher qualified pod yield among 8 tested lines of B group, which were 21.2% and 4.9% higher than check variety, Kaohsiung 2 in the spring crop season of 2000, respectively. KVS 1306 and KVS 1312 lines had higher qualified pod yield among 9 tested lines of C group, which were 53.3% and 49.4% higher than check variety, Kaohsiung 2 in the spring crop season of 2000, respectively. (5) In the second year lines regional trails, 12 lines were conducted at 16 locations during the fall crop season of 1999 to the summer crop season of 2000. The data of the regional trails is be analysed.