紅豆品種改良

Abstract

本紅豆雜交育種目的在選育豐產、質優，籽粒大、色澤佳，適合加工，結莢位高，適合機械收穫之優良新品種，以供農民秋裡作栽培。本年度(1)88年秋作進行七個組合雜交共獲得532粒F1種子，並於89年春作培育其F1世代。(2)雜交後裔F2~F4世代採用混合法進行培育，88年秋作計培育F2及F4世代各7個組合，89年春作計培育F3世代7個組合。88年秋作於F4世代混合集團中選出1,454個優良單株，供89年秋作進行株行試驗之材料。(3)株行試驗，88年秋作於F5世代1,553個品系中選出100個優良品系，供89年秋作進行第一年品系試驗之材料。(4)第一年品系試驗計有100個品系參試，88年秋作在籽粒產量方面，以C組之KA84-04-95品系之3,385kg/ha表現最佳，較高雄7號分別增產31.9％。在百粒重方面，以B組之KA84-03-14品系之27.6公克表現最佳，較高雄7號增加10.0公克。綜合評估選出KA84-01-163等32個品系供89年秋作進行第二年品系試驗之材料。(5)第二年品系試驗，88年秋作在參試20個品系（種）中，在籽粒產量方面，有6個品系超過對照種高雄7號，其中以KA83-01-4品系之2,857kg/ha及KA83-04-133品系之2,750kg/ha表現最佳，較高雄7號之2,296kg/ha分別增產24.4％及19.8％。在百粒重方面，有4個品系屬特大粒種（≧20公克），其中以KA83-02-21品系之23.0公克及KA83-01-4品系之22.9公克表現最佳，較高雄7號之16.7公克分別增加6.3及6.2公克。綜合評估選出KA83-01-4等6個品系，供90年秋作進行第一年品系區域試驗之材料。 The purpose of adzuki bean cross breeding is to develop new cultivars with high yield, good quality, large seed, bright red seed for process and high pod site for mechanical harvest that were suitable for the cultivation in the south of Taiwan. The experimental results were summarized as follow: (1) A total of 532 F1 hybrid seeds were obtained from 7 cross combinations in the fall crop season of 1999, and were propagated F1 generation in the spring crop season of 2000. (2) In the propagation and selection trials, bulk method was applied to propagating F2-F4 segregative generations in the fall crop season of 1999 and the spring crop of 2000, respectively. A total of 1,454 superior single plants in F4 generation were selected in the fall crop season of 1999. (3) In the plant-to-row trial, there were 100 fixed lines in F5 generation were selected depend on their performance in the fall crop season of 1999. (4) In the first-year lines trial, KA84-04-95 line of C group had the highest seed yield among 102 tested lines in the fall crop season of 1999, which was 3 1.5% higher than check variety, Kaohsiung 7. KA84-03-14 line of B group had the higher 100-seed weight among 102 tested lines in the fall crop season of 1999, which was lOg higher than check variety, Kaohsiung 7. (5) In the second-year lines trial, seed yields of 6 lines were higher than check variety, Kaohsiung 7 in the fall crop season of 1999. KA83-01- 4 and KA83-04-133 lines had the higher seed yield among 20 tested lines, which were 24.4% and 19.8% higher than check variety, Kaohsiung 7. KA83-02-21 and KA83-0l-4 lines had the higher 100-seed weight among 20 tested lines, which were 6.3g and 6.2g higher than check variety, Kaohsiung 7.