茶樹自交不親和性的應用

Abstract

本計畫希望利用茶樹之自交不親和性於隔離地區生產雜交種子，以提高育種效率。但在應用之前需先了解茶樹自交行為，本年度即針對參試親本套袋自交，每品種300朵花，經調查結實率：大葉種阿薩姆2.4％、台茶8號0.3%，小葉種青心烏龍0.6％、大葉烏龍3.2％、水仙0％、黃心烏龍1.0％、青心大冇0.1％、硬枝紅心0.3％、台茶12號0％、台茶13號1.7％、台茶5號0.3％、鐵觀音0.3%，新品系51-67 1.3％、四季春0.3％等14個品種（系），發現參試茶樹品種無論大、小葉種其自交結實率均介於0~3.2％間，屬育種學上異交作物之範圍，因此可稱參試親本茶樹屬於異交作物，並從此結實率可發現茶樹自交機率極低，將來育種應用時可忽略自交行為部份。 The program aims at enhancing species cultivation rate by producing hybrid seeds in the segregation with the self- incompatibility of tea trees. However, the act of self- pollinated of tea trees must be understood before the program is conducted. A pilot project has been started since this year on 300 flowers for each species. The results show that the sumptuous rate is: Assam Indigenous 2.4 % ; TTES No. 8 is 0.3 % ; Chin Shin Oolong is 0.6 % ;Dah Yeh Oolong is 3.2 % ; Shoei Shian is 0 % ; Huang Shin Ooiong is 1.0 % ;Chin Shin Dah Pan is 0.1 % ;Ying Jy Homg Shin is 0.3 % ;TTES No. l3is 1.7 % ;TTES No.5 is 0.3 % ;Tiee Guan In is 0.3 % ;new species No.51-67 are 1.3 % ;Shy Jin Chuen is 0.3 %. The average of all subjects is between 0-3.2 % , which belongs to the group of crosspollinated crop in cultivation. Hence, we can call the subjects as cross-pollinated crops. The sumptuous rate further suggests a tiny self-pollinated rate, and we can omit the self-pollinated section in applications of cultivation.