茶樹疏花對其生育之影響

Abstract

茶樹係為採摘茶菁用之多年生特用作物，而茶樹開花結實雖為正常現象，但過多時便會影響茶葉產量與品質，因此有必要從茶樹栽培與生理研究上著手，探討茶樹開花結實對茶樹生育之影響。本試驗以台茶12號和青心烏龍為供試品種，利用39.5％益收（39.5% Ethephon）和人工去花蕾處理來探討茶樹疏花對其生育之影響。 台茶12號和青心烏龍在六月白（第二次夏茶）採收後，噴施790 ppm益收藥劑處理，則茶樹上花蕾數比對照（不噴施）明顯來得少，台茶12號疏花率達75%，青心烏龍亦達62％以上。 二供試品種在噴施益收藥劑處理後，對於秋茶茶芽生育及產量均較人工去花處理和對照為差；特別是青心烏龍無論是樹勢、茶芽生育及產量等，在每一季茶表現均為最差，至於台茶12號除了秋茶之外，其餘各季均較人工去花處理及對照來得好。 Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze), one of the perennial special crops, is cultivated for plucking leaver. The yield and quality of leaves might be decreased due to the overproduction of the flowers. The objective of this study was to find the effect of cultivation on the decrease of the quantity of florescence and fruition. The treatments consisted of thinning flowers by hands and spraying 200m1 ethylene (39.5% Ethephon) at 79Oppm one time on the varieties of TTES No.12 and ‘Chin-Shin Oolong’. On the second summer crop the flower thinning rate of the ethylene treatment was decrased to 75% on TTES No.12 and 62% on ‘Chin- Shin Oolong’ comparing to the control. In autumn crop of TTES No.12 and each harvested crops of ‘Chin-Shin Oolong’ the bud development, plant vigor and leafy yields in ethylene treatment were worse than those of the other treatments. As compared to other treatments, ethylene treated plants of cv. TTES No.12 tented to have better crop in each cropping season except that of autumn.