橫山梨之貯藏特性與貯藏條件之研究

Abstract

橫山梨（Pyrus Pyrifolia ( Burm. ) Nak. var. Heng Shan）是本省低海拔山坡地區所栽培的主要梨樹品種。橫山梨的果實在貯藏方面有以下的幾點特性與其他的梨品種不同：1．果實不耐低溫，在低於10℃以下的溫度中貯藏會發生果肉呈水浸狀褐化的寒害徵狀：2．果實對二氧化碳敏感，當二氧化碳濃度達到2％以上時會使果肉褐化；3．果實在10℃以上的溫度中貯藏有後熟現象，果實產生乙烯，果肉變得鬆軟；但是溫度高於25℃時會抑制其乙烯生成及後熟軟化。基本上，橫山梨並不適於長時間貯藏，在短期貯藏方面以採收中低成熟度的果實在10℃中配合二氧化碳吸收劑及乙烯吸收劑，如此大約可以有20天左右的貯藏壽命。 ‘Heng Shan’ pear ( Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.) Nak.var. Heng Shan) is the major pear cultivar grown in the low altitute mountain slopes in Taiwan. It has the following postharvest characteristics that differ from other pear varie.tis 1. ‘Heng Shan’ pear is very sensitive to low temperature. Storing the fruit under 10℃ will cause browning of its core and flesh as the major symptom of chilling injury. 2. ‘Heng Shan’ pear is very sensitive to carbon dioxide, Its flesh will turn watery brown when the ambient CO2 concentration exceeds 2%. 3. ‘Heng Shan’ pear will produce ethylene and turn soft and mealy when storing at temperatures above 10℃, however, temperatures about 25℃ will inhibit its ethylene production and ripening. Basically ‘Heng Shan’ pear is not suitable for long term storage. It will has a storage life of 20 days when stored in PE bags with CO2 and ethylene absorbants at 10 ℃.