遺傳力與核桃品種改良之探討

Abstract

首先比較長山核桃〔pecan, Carya illinocnsis (Wang.) K. Koch〕與波斯核桃(Persian walnut, Juglans reiga L.)兩種作物間生長習性的差異。其次深究遺傳力及核桃18個性狀中，其外表型間的相關性，以尋求直接影響產量高低的主要性狀。從遺傳力的探討中，發現篩選側枝的結實性(fruitfulness of lateral shoots)與側枝的生長勢，是提升核桃產量潛能中的遺傳獲得量(genetic gain)最經濟最有效的方法。而長山核桃則沒有一套經濟有效的育種策略，以致育種成效不彰。核桃育種成功的例子或許可為本省果樹育種研究方向的參考模式。 Different growth habits of pecan and walnut were comparatively studied. Then heritabilities and phenotypic correlations among 18 traits of walnut (Juglans regia L.) were discussed in order to find the main characteristics which directly related to the yield potential. It was found that the most effective and efficient means of improving the rate of genetic gain for yield potential in walnut has been performed by selecting for fruitfulness and vigor of lateral shoots. The successful walnut breeding may provide a model for the fruit breeding program in Taiwan.