| dc.description.abstract | 葡萄為臺灣重要果樹之一，害蟲及有害動物種類繁多，本報告將前在田間可發現之種類包括害蟲21種（分屬於13科，5目），蟎類4種，腹足類1種及鳥類4種加以記述。常見種類之發生危害期，咖啡木蠹蛾幼蟲以6-7月及10-11月，小白紋毒蛾在4-5月，臺灣黃毒蛾、下紅天蛾及赤腳青銅金龜在6-7月，扁蝸牛在5-9月為其危害盛期。其他種類如斜紋夜盜、擬尺蠖等族覃密度較低，危害較不嚴重。在防治方面如咖啡木蠹蛾可釐訂防治適期在第一羽化期（4-6月）及第二羽化期（8-10月），兼可防治其他同時發生的臺灣黃毒蛾、小白紋毒蛾、下紅天望戲、擬尺蠖、斜紋夜盜等。應不斷的改進栽培技術，以減少萄萄害蟲之發生，殘株、廢園應妥善處理，勿任意棄置。加強蟲害共同防治工作及尋求其他防治新技術。
The grape is one of the important fruit trees in central Taiwan. 21 species of insect pests (13 families, 5 orders), 4 species of spider mites, 1 species of snail and 4 species of birds have been listed as the pests of grape from the survey. The results showed that the seasonal occurrence of the major pests such as Zeuzera coffeac Nietner larvae appeared all the year round with the higher population density from June to July and from October to November, while as Notolophus australis posticus Walker from April to May. Porthesja taiwana Shiraki, Theretra alecto L, and Anomala cupripes Hope from June to July, and Bradybaena similaris Ferussac from May to September. The other pests such as Spodoptera litura Fab., and Trichoplusia ni are negligible due to their population density are so low. Applications of insecticide from April to June during the emergence period of 1st generation adults and from August to October during the emergence period of 2nd generation adults, resulted in the most effective control of Zeuzera coffeae and have the highest economic profit. Improvement of culturing technique may decrease the occurrence of insect pests which may have favorable effect on their control. Discarded plant parts and abandoned field which may become the sources of infestation must be carefully taken care of. Strengthening of cooperative pest control program and searching for new control measures will eventually ensure overcoming of the difficulties encountered in the field. | en_US |
