木瓜淹水前後栽培管理及復育技術之建立

Abstract

本計畫針對木瓜淹水前後建立栽培管理及災後復育技術，以減輕木瓜淹水災害損失及對植株生長之影響。在預防措施上，木瓜幼苗接種菌根菌或再配合亞磷酸處理對淹水受害程度均有減輕效果；木瓜不同種苗 (實生苗、扦插苗、嫁接苗及組培苗) 經淹水後，實生苗雖黃化落葉較為快速，然於淹水後有較佳的根系恢復能力。在復育技術上，根據木瓜淹水後不同受損程度，可建立5 級木瓜淹水損害指標；木瓜實生苗於淹水後隔日進行除葉，可降低植株淹水損害程度，並有助於淹水後植株生長之恢復；田間木瓜結果株淹水後，利用除葉及疏果等復育處理可降低木瓜植株受損及死亡情形，並加速植株恢復葉片生長、重新開花及結果。 The main purpose of this study was to establish the management and restoration techniques for papaya to reduce flooding lose and damage. The result showed that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation and it combined with neutralized phosphorus acid treatment can reduce the flooding injury. We used 4 kinds of papaya seedlings to test flooding tolerance. The leaves of the true seedlings turned yellowing and were falling more quickly than other seedlings, but the growth of new roots of true seedlings were higher than other seedlings after flooding. We set five flooding injury indexes according to the wilting and damage degree on the papaya plants. Using defoliation treatment on the next day after flooding can reduce flooding damage degree of papaya and increase the recovery growth of damaged plants. Using defoliation and fruit thinning can reduce flooding injury and death rate of damaged papaya plants. This restoration technology also can accelerate the regrowthof leaf, flower and fruit of damaged papaya plants.