台灣稻米品種與外國香米品種白米品質性狀變異之研究

Abstract

為探討國內外水稻品種稻米品質的變異性，本試驗以20 個台灣育成之栽培品種(非香米品種)、19 個包含台灣地方品種(local variety)或選育之香米品種及71 個外國引進香米品種為材料，探討其抽穗日數及稻米品質相關性狀之變異，結果顯示：台灣香米品種的抽穗日數、糙米率、白米率、白米寬度及厚度都低於台灣栽培品種，而千粒重、白度、白堊質發生率、白堊質等級、白米長度及長寬比均高於台灣栽培品種；外國香米品種與台灣香米品種比較，其抽穗日數、糙米率、白度、白堊質發生率、白堊質等級、白米寬度及厚度均低於台灣香米品種，而千粒重、白米率、白米長度及長寬比則都高於台灣香米品種。 There were one hundred and ten rice varieties, including twenty Taiwan varieties, nineteen Taiwan aromatic varieties and seventy-one introduced aromatic varieties, to be used in the experiment. The variation result of milled rice quality were showed that: (1)The heading duration, percentage of brown rice, percentage of milled rice, milled rice width and milled rice thickness in Taiwan aromatic varieties were lower than Taiwan varieties. But 1000 kernel weight, milled rice whiteness, chalkiness percentage, chalkiness scale, milled rice length and milled rice length/width were higher than Taiwan non-aromatic varieties. (2)The heading duration, percentage of brown rice, milled rice whiteness, chalkiness percentage, chalkiness scale, milled rice width and milled rice thickness in introduced aromatic varieties were lower than Taiwan aromatic varieties. But 1000 kernel weight, percentage of milled rice, milled rice length and milled rice length/width were higher than Taiwan aromatic varieties. (3)In general, the milled rice quality in aromatic varieties had wide variation.