| dc.description.abstract | 農藥使用為田間不可避免之管理手段之一，因此如何合理使用農藥， 達到有效防治害物目的，進而生產無農藥殘留疑慮之農產品，乃為近代安全農業之主要宗旨。農藥合理化使用原則為確認防治對象後，了解害物為害模式、發生季節與條件，選擇登記使用之農藥種類，在適當時機時，依農藥標示上之使用方法、推薦濃度及施用次數進行防治，並在農藥標示上規定之安全採收期過後進行採收。當農業生產人員依上述原則施用農藥時，無農產品之農藥殘留疑慮，然而政府衛生單位抽驗上市農產品，常有「使用未登記藥劑」及「超量使用」等違規案件發生，分析其原因，在於廠商登記基於市場考量，僅登記大宗作物或具經濟意義之作物，對主要作物上之次要害物及次要作物上之主要害物等「少量使用」之作物及害物均未登記使用。另一方面，生產者為確保農產品品質及害物無登記使用藥劑可用情形下，迫使他們採用「未登記使用藥劑」進行防治，在這些因素下，使得「少量使用」無登記使用藥劑的問題不斷出現。為整體解決此一「少量使用」問題，政府正研擬「作物群組化的農藥使用制度」草案，希望透過「代表作物」及「代表害物」原則，延伸藥劑使用範圍，使得「少量使用」問題得以解決，同時對廠商登記意願有所幫助外，也使政府得以完善農藥管理，可減少農藥使用種類及施用劑量情形下，營造農友、廠商及政府三贏局面。
The application of pesticides is one of the most regular crop management in the field. How to apply pesticides reasonably and produce the none-residue crop products is the most important goal in the modern safe agriculture. Principles of rationalized application of pesticides are identifying the pests, realizing the damage patterns, outburst seasons and condition of pests, applying the registered pesticides in suitable time with recommended concentration, application time and frequency according to the label outside the pesticide product, harvesting the crop product after the preharvest interval. Therefore, no health-damaged residues on the crop product will be released in the market if crop producer applied the pesticides according to the instructions on the pesticide label mentioned above. But the government always found the none-registered pesticides or excessive residues of pesticides on the crop products in the market. The reason is simply that the pesticide manufactories registered their pesticide products on the major crops or economic crops based on the profits. They have no interest to register the market of minor use, i.e. the minor pests on the major crops and the major pests on the minor crops. In this situation, the crop producers were forced to use the unregistered pesticides to ensure the yield and quality of crop products, and caused the illegal application of pesticides in the field. To solve the minor use problem as a whole, the government has drawn up the protocol “Pesticides Application System Based on the Crop Grouping”. In this protocol, pesticides could be registered according the “representative crops” and “representative pests”, and extended their application range to solve the problem of minor use. In this system, pesticide manufactories could reduce the registration fare and be willing to register the extended crops of minor use. Also, the government does their responsibility to
manage the pesticides in the market and field, reducing the sorts and amounts of
pesticides applied in the field, and the crop producers get the low-priced and
extended pesticides which could be applied in the field without against the law.
If the protocol was passed, the government, manufactory and crop manager are
all-win under the new pesticide registration system. | en_US |
