拮抗植物抑制南方根瘤線蟲族群之效用

Abstract

萬壽菊、孔雀草及天人菊等不同品系之拮抗植物，對於南方根瘤線蟲皆顯現高度的抗性，其植 體水抽出液及烘乾粉末過濾液能有效地降低南方根瘤線蟲卵孵化率及殺死其二齡幼蟲。在盆缽試驗之土壤中添加不同拮抗植物的切碎生鮮植體、水抽出液、或植體烘乾粉末能有效地降低寄主植物—蕃茄 根部根瘤的產生及土壤中根瘤線蟲二齡幼蟲的族群密度，進而抑制根瘤線蟲病害的發生，而以添加不 同拮抗植物之切碎生鮮植體及植體烘乾粉末效果最好。不同品系拮抗植物與臺中亞蔬四號蕃茄品種間 作(intercropping) 或輪作(crop rotation)，亦能有效地抑制根瘤線蟲病害的發生，而以間作效果為佳。 The use of natural antagonistic plants- like marigold, French marigold, and G a i l l a rdia picta cultivars to control plant nematode diseases has been conducted. The results showed that various marigold, French marigold, and G a i l l a rdia picta cultivars were highly resistant to south root-knot nematode, M e l o i d o g y n e i n c o g n i t a. The effect of aqueous extracts and plant material powders of various marigold, French marigold, and G a i l l a rdia picta cultivars on egg hatch and second juvenile mortality of Meloidogyne incognita h a s been tested. The result showed that aqueous extracts and plant material powders can reduced nematode hatching rate and killed second juvenile. The greeenhouse test showed that mixed up with either fresh plant materials, plant material powders, or irrigiating aqueous extracts of various marigold, French marigold, and G a i l l a rdia picta cultivars in the soil can inhibit the production of root-knot and reduced the population of second juvenile of south root-knot nematode. The greenhouse test of control of Meloidogyne incognita b y intercropping or rotating with various marigold, French marigold, and G a i l l a rdia picta cultivars on tomatos has been conducted. The result showed that antagonistic plants intercropping with tomatos can eff e c t i v e l y control plant nematode diseases in the greenhouse.