| dc.description.abstract | 本試驗共分六項目進行之，其結果鍋要綜述如下：
1．供試藥劑七種，對於附著棉籽表面之菌領殺菌效果，以Delsan AD及Granosan最佳Ceresan M-DB，次之Rhizoctol等較差。黃麻則以Granosan, Rionon及Ceresan M-DB較優。
2．各種藥劑均有共同趨勢，即處理後藏於較低溫度（15℃以下）一星期，其發芽率比藏於28℃一星期之發芽率為低。然溫度降低可使低濃度處理發茅率降低，濃度煙高，發芽率反而增加。如棉花在15℃以Rhizoctol slurry 1.0% 處理發芽率最高，趁80.0%。在28℃其發芽率僅53.33%，而同一藥劑在28℃使用0.25%可使發芽率高連93.33%。因此視處理時之溫度，處理之藥液濃度應加適當之調整。
3．浸種處理時，同一容積之藥液處理不同重量之黃麻種子；其處理次數非但有一極限，處理之先後順序對藥害、藥效均有極大之影響。200 ml之0.1% Granosan或Rionon藥液，以10克黃麻種子處理時可連續處理10次以上，頭1、2次處理，雖可收絕對殺菌效果。但發芽率相對降低，顯因藥害所致。其處理以第4(5)-7(8)次發芽率最高。其後則因殺菌力降低發芽率又減少。另以20克種子處理時可連續處理七次，40克種子可連續處理四次。
4．棉籽處理後，播種於含有腰折病菌之病土，各處理之發芽率均異常低劣，其中以RhizoctoI combi 2.4%處理區略佳，其成活率為21.67%，無何經濟利用價值可言。黃麻種子經處理後播種於未經消毒之黃麻後作土壤內，就種子發芽率言，以Rionon處理區最佳，但該處理區幼苗死亡率亦最高，顯示該劑殘效期間甚短促。若以成活率觀之，則Ceresan M-DB 0.5%及Delsan 1.4% 處理區最佳，均在59.6及59.06%之間，值得重視。
Cotton and jute seeds were treated with 7 fungicides. The effect of each kind on seedborne fungi and bacteria were compared. Delsan A-D and Granosan were proved to be the most effective on cotton seed, Ceresan M-DB. Granosan, Rionon were the next and Ceresan M-DB showed more effective than Qthers on jute seed.
The seeds, after treatment, were stored in glass bottles for one week periods at different temperatures. It was observed that when low concentrations of fungicide were used the percentage of seed germination was higher at 28℃ than 15℃. But that as the concentration was increased the germination percentage become higher at 15℃ than 28℃. This proved to be true regardless of which fungicide was used. Cotton seeds, for example, treated with 1.0% Rhizoctol slurry had a germination percentage of 80 when stored at 15℃ for one week, but when stored at 28℃, the germinatino percentage wae only 53.3. Our conclusion is that the amount of fungicide used is inversly proportionate to the temperature.
When seeds are treated with a solution of fungicide, the effect is decided by two factors; the first is the amount of the solution per weight of seeds, the second is number of times of treatment. A 200m1 solution of 0.1% Granosan or Rionon was used to treat 10 grams of jute seeds. This solution can be used up 10 times. It was observed that during the 1 st & 2 nd treatment the percentage to of seed germination was reduced by poisoning but that germination increased after several treatments, The highest percentage was observed between the 4th and 7th treatmen. After which the percentage then began to decline.
The percentage of germination of cotton seeds treated by various fungicides was very small when the seeds were planted in the soil infected with Pellicularia filamentosa. Among the fungicides used, 2.4% Rhizoctol combi proved the most effective, yet their effectiveness was only 21.67%. This percentage is too low to qualify as an effective control against the disease.
Of the various fungicides used in treating jute seeds planted in the natural soil, Rionon was the best one. Unfortunately, it seems the fungicide Rionon has only a short residual effect. If we determined the effectiveness of a fungicide according to the percentage of healthy seedlings, 0.596 Ceresan M-DB and 1.4% Delsan A-D would be better than others, since their percentage of healthy plants exceeded 59.6%. | en_US |
