市售溶磷菌肥料產品之盆栽肥(功)效評估

Abstract

微生物肥料商品在田間施用時，常出現有效與無效兩極化之反應，使農民對微生物肥料缺乏信心。農業試驗所2017 年從市面上購買溶磷菌肥料產品，測試這些產品對作物生長之效益，試驗作物為百日草，試驗土壤選擇紅壤與石灰質土壤，試驗地點在農業試驗所溫室。溶磷菌種類為市面上販售之14 種溶磷菌肥料。試驗處理為接種14 種溶磷菌肥料，另外也測試了這14 種溶磷菌肥料載體之效果。試驗結果顯示：在鹼性土壤中，接種溶磷菌肥料產品4 可增加百日草開花數0.9 朵，及增加地上部磷吸收量58%，而其載體亦可增加百日草開花數0.9 朵及增加地上部磷吸收量43%。接種溶磷菌肥料產品10 對百日草開花數沒有影響，但可增加地上部乾重13%及增加地上部磷吸收量24%，而其載體可增加百日草開花數0.5 朵，並增加百日草地上部乾重15%及增加地上部磷吸收量31%。其他12 種溶磷菌肥料產品對百日草開花數、地上部乾重及磷吸收量無顯著促進效果。在酸性土壤中，接種溶磷菌肥料產品4 可增加百日草開花數0.7 朵及增加地上部乾重5%，但對磷的吸收量沒有增加效果，而其載體可增加百日草開花數1.2 朵，並增加地上部乾重15%及增加磷吸收量17%。接種溶磷菌肥料產品13 可增加百日草地上部乾重5%及地上部磷吸收量8%，而其載體可增加百日草地上部乾重12%及地上部磷吸收量8%。其他12 種溶磷菌肥料產品對百日草開花數、地上部乾重及磷吸收量無顯著促進效果。 Biofertilizers often showed unstable responses in field trials with two extremes, i.e., effective and non-effective. This experience gave farmers weak confidence in biofertilizers. From 2017, commercial phosphate-solubilizing biofertilizers (PSB) were purchased and evaluated their growth efficacy by pot culture (Zinnia angustifolia) in Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI). The test soils were red soils and calcareous soils. Totally, 14 phosphate-solubilizing biofertilizer products and their carriers were evaluated in this report. The test results conducted in calcareous soil indicated that inoculation of PSB #4 could increase 0.9 flower number and 58% phosphate absorption to the upper ground biomass. Besides, the carrier of PSB #4 could increase 0.9 flower number and 43% phosphate absorption to the upper ground biomass as well. Inoculation with PSB #10 had no influence to flower number, but could increase 13% dry weight and phosphate absorption 24% to the upper ground portion. However, the carrier of PSB #10 could increase 0.5 flower number, 15% dry weight and phosphate absorption 31% to the upper ground portion. The other 12 products did not exhibit significant growth effect. The test results conducted in red soils indicated that inoculation of PSB #4 could increase 0.7 flower number and 5% dry weight to the upper ground biomass; however there was no effect in phosphate absorption. The carrier of PSB #4 could increase 1.2 flower number, 14% dry weight and 17% phosphate absorption to the upper ground biomass. Inoculation with PSB #13 had no influence to flower number, but could increase 5% dry weight and phosphate absorption 8% to the upper ground portion. However, the carrier of PSB #13 could increase 12% dry weight and phosphate absorption 8% to the upper ground biomass. The other 12 products did not show any significant growth effect.