設施結構工程技術與病蟲害防範

Abstract

溫室係利用各種材料所建構的栽培設施，藉以改善作物生長環境，增加產量或提高品質。設施的目地在於防風防雨，並為阻擋害蟲進入溫室以及防範病害發生，因此，設施之搭建強度至為重要。而目前設施搭建的工程水準參差不齊，溫室搭建業者皆以過往經驗作為選用材料以及慣用工法來施工，時常發生倒塌或塑膠布及防蟲網破損問題，亦因此引發病蟲害等相關問題。為改善上述問題，則應對於溫室結構之抗風性進行學理探討、調查分析設施損壞原因，且運用結構力學分析與有限元素分析方法，進行結構強度模擬分析，以設計更佳的溫室結構。於本年度，本研究團隊針對溫室結構強度進行分析研究，已完成耐受10 級強風之加強型簡易溫網室之結構設計圖並完成結構強度模擬分析。本項成果，可提供農民參考，以搭建更強健的溫室，並確保其防範病蟲害的功能。 Various materials were used to construct a greenhouse facility for crop cultivation to improve the growth environment, increase production or improve quality. The purpose of the facility is to prevent wind and rain, and to prevent disease and pests from entering the greenhouse. Therefore, to build a sturdy greenhouse is very important. At present, the facility construction level is different, some construction contractors built greenhouses based on the rule of thumb to choose materials and practices, and in some cases caused the collapse of the greenhouses or damage of plastic films and thus leads to presence of pests and diseases. To improve the above-mentioned problem, we should investigate the cause of the damage and design a wind resistant greenhouse structure. The structural mechanics analysis and numerical simulations with the finite element method can be applied to solve the construction strength problems and to design a better greenhouse structure. During the year, our research team conducted a study on greenhouse strength topics. We have completed the structural design and strength simulation analysis of the greenhouses that can withstand the pressure generated by force 10 gusty winds on Beaufort wind scale. The results can help farmers build strong greenhouses and keep the function of reducing pests and diseases.