臺灣柑橘之遺傳研究(一)麻豆文旦果實特性之遺傳性變異

Abstract

本研究係利用統計遺傳之方法分析麻豆文旦果實十項特性之變異概況，並估算各特性之復現率。另再計算各特性間之相關係數以爲遺傳研究之參考。經採集麻豆鎭三果園及大內鄉一果園之文旦37株果實740次。調查分析結果發現各果園間，果園內單株間及單株內之變異大都達到顯著水凖。但僅果肉質地、果汁含糖量及風味三英特性單株間之變異較大，可能有遺傳成分。此三項特性之復現率也較高，似可做爲選種之目標。相關性分中，果實外觀諸特性（包括果實重量，果實積體及果實比重）間互有較高之相關係數。此外果肉質地，果汁含糖量及風味三項特性互相間也有較高之相關係數。 The fruit characters of 740 Ma-tou Wentan (Citrus grandis Osb.) fruit collected from 37 tress in 3 orchards of Ma-Tou and 1 orchard of Ta-Nei County, Tainan Prefecture were investigated with statistical methods including analyses of variance, estimation of repeatability, and correlation analyses. In the fruit characters studies the variation of pulp texture, sugar content and taste of fruit were partly affected by genetic constitution. The repeatability of these three characters were higher than the other characters of which the variations were largely caused by environment. Correlation coefficients between these three characters were also high. Another group of fruit characters with high correlation coeffcients were fruit weight, fruit volume, specific gravity, and fruit appearance. The correlation coefficients between other characters were very low. The genetic pattern of fruit characters were discussed.