推動臺灣農產品碳標籤可行性之研究─以米產品碳標籤為例

Abstract

為減緩地球暖化的危機，重要的工作之一是減少溫室氣體的排放量。而人類的相關經濟活動，如產品的生產製造與消費，都存在增加或減少溫室氣體排放的貢獻度。例如，食品貿易因長途運輸所造成的CO2排放量，絕對比在地生產在地消費的食品來得高，如果消費者能夠選用較低食物哩程的產品，就相對減少CO2排放，也有助於當地產業發展。為鼓勵消費者多選購在地生產農產品，以減少溫室氣體排放，本計畫101年度起即配合環保署碳標籤制度，進行米產品類別規則 (PCR) 之建置、盤查米產品碳足跡並獲得米產品的碳標籤，以揭露碳排放量資訊，作為農產品碳標籤示範並為評估推動台灣農產品碳標籤可行性之基礎。米產品碳足跡的盤查，蒐集產品生命週期五大階段之相關能資源投入量，計算碳排放量，101年度以霧峰香米為對象，其2公斤包裝產品之CO2排放當量為4.5公斤。霧峰香米已獲得環保署之碳標籤證書。另消費者對於產品碳標籤的認知與接受度的研究發現，現階段一般消費者對於碳標籤的認知度仍低，雖有2/3以上受訪者認為產品應標示碳排放量，但在價格相同前提下，願意優先購買碳標籤產品者僅有3成多。 Reducing emission of greenhouse gas is one of important tasks to slow down risk of global warming. Economic activities included producing and consuming can both affect greenhouse gas emission. For example, carbon emission of long distant transported goods will be higher than local products. According to above concept, buying local products can be helpful for reducing greenhouse gas emission. Farther, it is also useful for local industry development. In order to encourage consumers to buy local agricultural products, we followed the Taiwan CFP system (Carbon footprint of product) to start to establish the product categorization rules (PCR) of Taiwan rice. In 2012, we finished the carbon footprint inventory of wufeng aroma rice. The PCR data of rice can be base of feasibility study of promotion carbon footprint label of Taiwan agricultural product. The method of carbon footprint accounting is included collecting input data of energy or resources in 5 stages of product life. In 2012, we accounted 4.5 Kg carbon emission of producing 2Kg wufeng aroma rice. Furthermore, 2Kg packaged wufeng aroma rice also got carbon footprint label certification from Environmental Protection Administration Executive Yuan, ROC (Taiwan) in 2012. Otherwise, in study of consumer perception and acceptance of product carbon footprint label, we found the consumer’s cognition of carbon footprint label is still at a low level. Although many consumers considered that emerging realistic counting number of carbon emission is important to carbon footprint label, there is only 30% of survey participants willing to buy carbon footprint label products which price is not raised.