水稻聯合收穫機用上置式脫榖機之試造
Other Title
Experiments on Automatic Upper Feeding Thresher
Journal
農業研究
Journal Volume
23
Journal Issue
3
Start Page
218
End Page
227
Date Issued
1974-09-08
Date
1974-09-08
Author(s)
鄔清標
黃光華
Abstract
利用本省慣用的上置式脫穀法，再加裝承網、上蓋和處理室等裝置後所配成之上置式自動脫穀機，經試造結果具有下列數項優點，可單獨採用而改善現有脫穀作業，亦可搭載於小型聯合收穫機上，而能發揮較下置脫穀式為佳的性能：
1. 割3行而以每秒0.4公尺車速前進作業時脫穀情況良好，以此推算則每0.1公頃作業所需時間約為65~82分鐘。
2. 為配合將來輸式收穫機之設計，將脫穀筒直徑由46公分改為40公分以減輕重量及高度，但此對於脫穀能量及未脫粒量略有影響，故如欲使作業能率達到每0.1公頃60分鐘以下時，對於脫穀筒大小結構或輸送速度應再加改良。
3. 排塵內殺粒損失為0.20%（晴天）和1.18%（露水），性能良好，尤其對於斷穗的處理極為理想，可見脫穀室及處理室能發揮極佳效果。
4. 經試驗結果，未脫粒損失晴天平均為1.33%，較下置脫穀式脫穀機略多，而露水下平均為0.74%，與下置式脫谷機並未有顯著差異。
5. 本設計之上置脫穀式脫穀機，因斷穗處理良好，結構簡單，阻塞的可能性很少，不但在露水或小雨天可以順利進行作業，同時對倒伏或折稈等較零亂的稻株亦可適應。惟在此稻株含水量高情況下作業，排塵量增加甚多，平均每小時排出163公斤。
6. 選別的情況良好，可以達到粗選別的效果，同時因未裝風扇、震網和二號回流等置，結構方面簡化了許多。
This automatic upper feeding thresher, which is adopted the traditional upper feeding threshing method and has equipcd with a sieve, an upper case and a processing chamber, has 1;een already trial produced and contains the following merits. Hence,this newly produced thresher can be adopted alone to improve the present threshing process as well as to be attached to the small rice combine to obtain a better function other than the lower feeding thresher.
1. The threshing condition will be very good if the forward speed of the thresher (which is attached to combine) is 0.4 m/sec and with a three-row cutting width. The working rate will be 65 to 82 min/0.1 ha. by calculation.
2. In the case of developing a new wheel type rice combine in the near future, the diameter of the threshing drum should be reduced from its present 46 cm to 40 cm to reduce the total weight and height. However, this reduction will slightly affect the working rate mentioned above. Hence, if the working rate should be limited to 60 min/0.1 ha. or less, the diameter as well as the structure of the threshing drum and the feeding speed should be re-examined.
3. The grain loss in residue are 0.206% (fair weather) and 1.18% (dew weather) respectively. It is considered that this machine is functioned very well, especially this machine can manage these broken panicles in a very good way. The reason of these fine results is that the threshing chamber as well as the processing chamber are functioned very well.
4. The average unthreshed grain loss are 1.33% (fair weather) and 0.74% (dew weather) , which are slightly increased than the grain loss in the lower feeding thresher.
5. This thresher is designed for upper feeding type. Since it’s broken panicle’s management is proved in great satisfaction and whole thresher is simple in structure, hence, the stoppage of threshed residue and grain flow in the machine is less possible. Moreover, not only this machine could be put to work in drizzle or dew weather, but also it can be worked very well in the lodging area where the twisted straws and messed panicles are existed. However, since the residue has increased a lot in the case of high moisture content of rice plants, the average residue exhausted is 163 kg per hour.
6. The cleaning condition of this machine is quite good, it can reach the rough cleaning level. In the meantime, since the attachments such as the air blower, the vibrating sieve, and the secondary circulation device have been removed from this new machine, the structure of this combine is obviously simplified a lot.
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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