農用微生物應用於苦瓜萎凋病之防治效果評估
Other Title
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Agricultural Microorganisms in the Control of Fusarium Wilt of Bitter Gourd
Start Page
94
End Page
110
ISBN
978-626-446-037-8
Date Issued
2026-04
Author(s)
Abstract
萎凋病主要由Fusarium oxysporum 引起，為多種經濟作物常見病害，會導致作物萎凋死亡，造成全球農業嚴重經濟損失，目前台灣多數作物尚無針對萎凋病的推薦化學藥劑，且長期使用化學藥劑可能產生抗藥性病原菌和食安問題，故本研究旨在評估市售農用微生物製劑和Streptomyces lavenduligriseus L2 搭配SH 土壤添加物對苦瓜萎凋病之防治效果，期望開發環境友善且具應用潛力的萎凋病綜合防治策略。拮抗試驗結果顯示，市售微生物製劑–神真水3 號和S. lavenduligriseus L2 分別可抑制40% 和42% F. oxysporum 菌絲生長，植株試驗則發現400 倍和800 倍稀釋之神真水3 號分別搭配SH 土壤添加物處理組與病原菌對照組相比，其苦瓜萎凋病罹病度分別減少75% 和68%，10 倍和25 倍稀釋之S. lavenduligriseus L2 分別搭配SH 土壤添加物處理組與病原菌對照組相比，其苦瓜萎凋病罹病度皆減少85%，前述4 種處理組防治效果皆優於SH 土壤添加物單獨處理組。進一步探討施用時機，將神真水3 號於苦瓜育苗期施用1 週後，將植株移盆至含SH 添加物的土壤中，結果顯示苦瓜萎凋病罹病度比病原菌對照組下降59%，其防治效果僅次於移盆後每週澆灌800 倍稀釋的神真水3 號。綜合上述結果，神真水3 號和S. lavenduligriseus L2 搭配SH 土壤添加物可有效防治苦瓜萎凋病，未來將持續探討其最佳施用時機與條件，以建立兼具環境友善與應用性的萎凋病綜合防治策略。
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum, is a major threat to many crops, leading to severe yield losses worldwide. In Taiwan, no specific chemical fungicides are currently recommended for its management, and long-term use of chemicals may lead to pathogen resistance and food safety concerns. This study evaluated the efficacy of a commercial microbial agent Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CL3 and Streptomyces lavenduligriseus L2, in combination with SH soil amendments, for the management of Fusarium wilt in bitter gourd. Antagonism assays showed that B. amyloliquefaciens CL3 and S. lavenduligriseus L2 inhibited F. oxysporum mycelial growth by 40% and 42%, respectively. Greenhouse experiments revealed that SH combined with 400-fold and 800-fold dilutions of B. amyloliquefaciens CL3 reduced disease severity by 75% and 68%, while SH combined with 10-fold and 25-fold dilutions of S. lavenduligriseus L2 both achieved 85% reduction. All of these treatments outperformed SH alone. Application of B. amyloliquefaciens CL3 one week before transplanting reduced disease severity by 59%, ranking second only to weekly drenching with an 800-fold dilution applied after transplanting. These findings suggest that combining microbial agents with SH soil amendments provides effective and environmentally friendly control of Fusarium wilt in bitter gourd. Further studies will focus on optimizing application timing to establish a practical and sustainable management strategy.
Subjects
萎凋病
生物防治
神真水3號
SH土壤添加物
Fusarium oxysporum
Streptomyces lavenduligriseus
Fusarium wilt
biological control
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CL3
SH soil amendment
Publisher
農業部農業試驗所
Type
book part
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