北高雄露天小果番茄園的粉蝨綜合管理
Other Title
Integrated Management of Whiteflies (Bemisia argentifolii) in Open-Field Cherry Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) Cultivation in Northern Kaohsiung
Start Page
111
End Page
123
ISBN
978-626-446-037-8
Date Issued
2026-04
Author(s)
鳳山熱帶園藝試驗分所
鳳山熱帶園藝試驗分所
Abstract
小果番茄 (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) 是北高雄常見的冬季露天栽培作物，銀葉粉蝨 (Bemisia argentifolii Bellow & Perring) 是主要害蟲之一。銀葉粉蝨不但會直接刺吸汁液導致番茄植株衰弱，其所媒介的番茄捲葉病 (Tomato lesf curl disease) 相關病毒，造成番茄新葉皺縮且生長停滯，導致農民嚴重的經濟損失。本研究將有害生物綜合管理 (Integrated pest management, IPM) 的技術導入露天小果番茄園內銀葉粉蝨的防治工作。從預防、監測與治療，將物理防治、耕作防治和化學防治等相關技術整合運用在番茄不同生長期，以提昇對銀葉粉蝨的防治效果。進而延緩番茄捲葉病蔓延的速度，以提昇小果番茄的產量，增加農民的經濟收入。試驗結果顯示，在路竹區2023 年8 月至2023 年12 月的試驗，第一次小果番茄採收前黃色黏蟲紙監測粉蝨成蟲數量皆低於50 隻 / 張 / 週，第一次採收時園區內被感染病毒的株數低於10%。在阿蓮區2024 年8 月至2024 年12 月的試驗，試驗期間的黃色黏蟲紙監測粉蝨成蟲數量皆低於50 隻 / 張 / 週，第一次採收時園區被感染病毒的植株數低於1%。在美濃區2024 年9 月至2024 年12 月的試驗，從定植前黃色黏蟲紙監測粉蝨成蟲平均數量248 隻 / 張 / 週，在30 天後降至平均55 隻 / 張 / 週，第一次採收時園區內被感染病毒的植株低於1%，採收期延續至2025 年4 月底，整體收益增加50%。綜合而言，銀葉粉蝨綜合管理技術能有效控制露天小果番茄園內的銀葉粉蝨族群，延緩番茄捲葉病的蔓延。
Open-field cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) is a common winter crop in northern Kaohsiung, where the silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii) is one of the major pests. Whiteflies not only weaken tomato plants by directly feeding on phloem sap but also transmit tomato leaf curl disease-associated viruses, which cause leaf curling and growth inhibition, resulting in severe economic losses for farmers. This study implemented integrated pest management (IPM) strategies for controlling B. argentifolii in open-field cherry tomato cultivation. Preventive, monitoring, and curative measures, including physical, cultural, and chemical controls, were applied at different growth stages to improve management efficacy. These strategies effectively suppressed whitefly populations, delayed the spread of tomato leaf curl disease, enhanced tomato yield, and increased farmers’ income. Field trials conducted in Luzhu District from August to December 2023 showed that whitefly adults captured by yellow sticky traps remained below 50 per trap per week before the first harvest, with less than 10% of plants infected by viruses at harvest. In Alian District from August to December 2024, whitefly counts remained below 50 per trap per week, and virus-infected plants were fewer than 1% at the first harvest. In Meinong District from September to December 2024, the initial mean number of whiteflies was 248 per trap per week before transplanting, which decreased to 55 per trap per week after 30 days; virus infection rates remained below 1% at the first harvest. The harvesting period extended until the end of April 2025, resulting in a 50% increase in overall revenue. Collectively, the results demonstrate that IPM strategies can effectively suppress whitefly populations in open-field cherry tomato cultivation and slow the spread of tomato leaf curl disease.
Subjects
小果番茄
銀葉粉蝨
有害生物綜合管理
Solanum lycopersicum Mill.
Bemisia argentifolii
Integrated pest management
Publisher
農業部農業試驗所
Type
book part
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