臺灣葡萄毒素病的調查及檢定
Other Title
Survey of Grapovine Virus Disease in Taiwan
Start Page
124
End Page
130
Date Issued
1988-12
Date
1988-12
Author(s)
陳慧璘
葉漢民
Hueylin Chen Tzeng
Han-ming Yeh
Abstract
由1985至1988年三年間，利用草本植物機械接種、酵素聯結抗體血清檢定、電子顯微鏡檢視、葡萄毒素病指示品種田間嫁接檢定以及葡萄病組織核酸、蛋白成分電泳分析等方法，進行本省栽培葡萄之毒素病調查及檢定，初步結果顯示：葡萄捲葉毒素病為害木省葡萄之主要毒素病，目前栽培葡萄之受害率約在60%左右；其中主要經濟品種如：巨峰、黑后、義大利，罹病率可能高達80%以上，而常用砧木品種如：8B 、SO4、1202、Harmony及次要經濟品種如：無子喜樂、德來威、六月鮮、新玫瑰香、紅冠、紫葩、茜苹等亦受感染；各試驗機構所保存的葡萄品種罹病率稍低，約在15~20%之間，其中以早期山亞洲及1983年山南非引進之葡萄品種罹病率特高。葡萄捲葉毒素病對木省二收葡萄影響極為顯著，受害葡萄植株樹勢減弱，果實品質、產量均明顯降低，或甚至完全不結果。部分田間採集之葡萄罹病材料，經電子顯微鏡檢視其韌皮組織，發現有粗、細兩型的Closterovirus病毒粒子存在，此似顯示：為害本省葡萄之長絲狀病毒，其種類應在兩種以上。
Occurrence of various grapevine virus diseases in Taiwan was investigated. The viral infections of examined samples were determined by mechanical inoculation on various herbaceous indexing hosts, ELISA, electron microscopy, grafting field indexing using specific grapevine virus indicator plants and analyses of nucleic acid and protein contents of the examined grapevine tissue extracts. During the past three years (1985-1988), a total of 810 grapevine samples were collected from different locations. Up to now, leafroll was the only viral disease detected. About 60% of the tested samples collected from the commercial vineyards showed indication of leaf-roll virus infection. Incidence of this infection detected from field grown table grapes like Kyoho, Italia, or wine grapes like Black Queen were over 80%; While rootstocks like 8B, SO4, 1202 and Harmony and other commercial cultivars like Himrod Seedless, Delaware, Buffalo, Neo Muscate, Royal Red, Super Hamburg and Champion were badly affected. The grapevine cultivars currently grown in the Cultivar Collection Centers of Taiwan Tobacco Research Institute, Taiwan Agriculture Research Institute and The Grape Research Center of National Chung Hsing University were also not exempted from the viral infection. Disease incidence detected from these localities were approximately 15-20%; and among them cultivars introduced early from vicinity Asian countries and cultivars introduced from South Africa were the ones affected most. In addition to disease survey, influence of leafroll infection on growth and yield were also examined during the course of study. The impact of leaf roll infection on grapevine production appeared to be most prominent for the two-crop system in which very low or even zero yield due to the viral infection was frequently observed. By electron microscopic study, at least two types of closterovirus-like particles have been discovered from the virus affected samples. Efforts to further characterize the involved viral entities are currently underway.
Event(s)
葡萄產業研究與發展研討會
Proceedings Of A Symposium On Grape Industry Research And Development
Publisher
臺灣省農業試驗所
Type
book part
File(s)![Thumbnail Image]()
Loading...
Name
publication_no24-21.pdf
Size
928.34 KB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum
(MD5):abe802f8d20d2e88d0639f8a96b6bdb2