機載簡易多光譜影像拍攝系統之建構與應用

Abstract

高光譜影像可提供的作物訊息遠較多光譜影像豐富，適合用於判別作物所遭受的逆境種類與程度。目前國外已開發的高光譜影像拍攝系統多需裝設於飛機上，且還未引進國內，因此國內許多應該利用高光譜影像進行的精準農業研究工作乃遭遇瓶頸。本研究設法將自行開發之簡易高光譜影像拍攝系統裝設於直昇機上，以建立具有高機動性和高解析度的機載高光譜遙測系統，提供作為精準農業相關研究的遙測工具。研究期間也曾進行多次空拍作業，配合已研發的多種遙測模式，提供田間有關水稻生育情形、氮營養狀況、以及預估產量之空間變異分佈圖。並以穗肥之精準施用為例，說明機載簡易高光譜影像拍攝系統之應用模式。研究結果指出，利用機載簡易高光譜影像拍攝系統，可適時且快速獲得目標區內有關作物生長與生育情形的空間分佈資訊，遠較以人為方式於地面進行採樣、分析的調查方式來得經濟有效，且具有整體的空間觀念，更有利於進行相關的研判工作。 Hyperspectral images can provide much more information about crops than multispectral images and are thus more suitable to identify the kind and extent of stress imposed on crops. However, hyperspectral imaging systems are mainly designed for airborne purposes and are not available in Taiwan. Therefore, many local precision agriculture research requiring hyperspectral images were hindered due to lack of hyperspectral imaging systems. The purpose of this study was to build a simplified hyperspectral imaging system which could be mounted on helicopters to acquire needed hyperspectral images for precision agriculture related studies. During the study, maps regarding field rice condition, nitrogen status, and predicted yield were obtained through selected air photo images and developed remote sensing models. The helicopter mounted simplified hyperspectral imaging system can acquire spatial information in target area much faster and more efficient than traditional survey method. Besides, it can provide a much integrate spatial picture and is useful in related analysis.