營養生長期的短期土壤缺水對百合生育之影響

Abstract

本研究係於臺灣省農業試驗所農場進行田間試驗，以兩類不同商用雜交型百合-亞洲型百合’Elite’和東方型百合’Suir gazer’爲試材，選擇雜交百合適宜生長的12月定植。在開花前予以缺水處理，使其土壤水分潛勢降至-0.20 MPa和-0.25 MPa兩種等級，探討短期缺水對進口百合營養生長、生殖生長及回收子鱗莖周徑和鲜重之影響。試驗結果顯示，’Elite’和’Star gazer’的植株高度和葉面稻隨著土壊水分潛勢降低而有減少的趨勢，在株高表現上，’Elite’較‘Star gazer’對缺水敏感，而葉面桢則反之。當土壤水分潛勢降至 -0.25 MPa時，’Elke’的單株花朵數減少1〜2朵，開花日數亦縮短3天，因此短期缺水將改變’Elite’之開花特性，’Star gazer’則未明顯變化。’Elite’在土壤水分潛勢達-0.25 MPa時所回收之子鳞莖周徑和鮮重，皆低於對照植株，顯示土壤缺水影響其鳞片充實的能力。 Bulbs of Asiatic hybrid lily 'Elite' and Oriental hybrid lily 'Star gazer’ were planted in the experimental field at Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (120° 42’ E, 23° 30' N, elevation of 85 m) to study short-term soil water deficits occurred in the vegetative phase on plant growth, flowering, and daughter bulbs formation. Results indicated that plant height and leaf area were reduced by water deficits in both types of lily. The decrease of plant height in ’Elite’ was greater than that of 'Star gazer', and vice versa in the result of leaf area. The number of flower per plant and flowering duration in ’Elite’，but not in 'Star gazer’，were reduced when soil water potential lowered down to -0.25 MPa. Additionally, bulb circumference and fresh weight in 'Elite' were also decreased by soil water defict at -0.25 MPa.