不同形式及濃度鐵源對水稻花藥培養之影響

Abstract

將水稻花藥培養於含不同形式及濃度鐵源的培養基，探討對水稻花藥癒合組織形成及分化能力的影響，及瞭解葉綠素含量與鐵源濃度及移值成活率的關係。試驗結果顯示添加0.1 mM 之Na2FeEDTA（二價鐵）或NaFeEDTA（三價鐵）於誘導癒合組織的培養基，有助於花藥癒合組織的形成，但提高濃度至0.2mM，反而產生毒害。 癒合組織於含0.05mM Na2FeEDTA或0.lmM NaFeEDTA或0.05mM Na2FeEDTA混合0.05mM NaFeEDTA 之培養基形成後，移至含相同鐵源之分化培養基，能分化較多的綠株；提高Na2FeEDTA的濃度至0.1 mM或0.2mM時，綠株分化率顯著降低。NaFeEDTA 在受測的三種濃度中，對綠株分化影響不大。在本試驗受測的濃度與形式範圍內，白苗的分化，不受鐵源影響。 分化綠株葉片之葉綠素含量與培養基內鐵源的形式及濃度有很大的關係，此種關係受到植株根系大小影響。約有85%之分化綠株，移植前具有發育中等之根系，其植株葉綠素含量與培養基內鐵源濃度呈正相關，同時葉綠素含量高的植株，具有較高的移植成活率。 Experiments were conducted to identify iron requirement in rice anther culture for callus induction, plant regeneration, chlorophyll content of anther-derived green plants and its survival ability. It was found that rice anther cultured on a callus-inducing medium containing 0.1mM Na2FeEDTA or 0.1mM NaFeEDTA gave better result for callus formation. Increasing the iron concentration to 0. 2mM showed toxicity. Transferring pollen-derived callus on a regeneration medium containing 0.05mM Na2FeEDTA or 0.1mM NaFeEDTA or 0.05mM Na2FeEDTA plus 0.05 mM NaFeEDTA showed better green plant production. Less green plant production was observed when Na2FeEDTA concentration was increased to either 0.1mM or 0.2mM. Whereas, there was no difference on green plant production among 3 levels of NaFeEDTA tested. Regeneration ability of albino plants was not influenced by different sources or concentrations of iron tested in this study. A close relationship between chlorophyll content of green plants and iron concentrations in rooting medium was observed. This phenomenon was related to root mass of green plants. About 85% of regenerated green plants had medium root weight (20-30 mg/plant). Their chlorophyll contents correlated positively with iron concentrations in rooting medium. Higher iron concentrations in the rooting medium also enhanced the survival rate of green plants upon transplanting.