黃耆類藥材之鑑定研究Ⅰ.膜莢黃耆、蒙古黃耆與多序岩黃耆之辨偽

Abstract

黃耆(Astragali Radix)著錄於神農本草經，並沿用迄今重要藥材之一。黃耆別名極多且來源植物混雜，極易影響藥材規格與臨床療效之評估，故應以「黃耆」為正名，「膜莢黃耆(Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge var. membmnaceus)」或「蒙古黃耆[A. membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge var. mongholicus (Bunge) P. K. Hsiao]為主要來源植物。Huangqi (Astragali Radix) was first recorded in Shen-Nung-Ben-Cao-Jing under Inferior Category and was also recorded in the successive Ben-Cao of subsequent dynasties. The plethora of synonyms and complexity of the original plants of this drug have affected its quality specification and clinical efficacy. After investigation, we discovered that the standard name should be Huangqi (黃耆), and Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge var. membranaceus and A. membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge var. mongholicus (Bunge) P. K. Hsiao were the plant origin. Of the two plants, A. mongbolicus is much smaller with many leaflets, which are smaller and more obovate. Its capsule is smooth, and the main root is longer, but thinner. Longitudinal wrinkles are evident on the surface.