殼類害蟲燻煙防治研究

Abstract

在中南部選擇水泥磚造倉庫；空倉放置墊倉穀殼者三處，貯藏袋裝稻穀者三處，袋裝玉米及高粱各二處。以Baythion 0.5g ( AI ) / M3。與Phostoxin 以3片 / M3藥量防治害蟲，前者密閉燻煙2 天，後者燻蒸5 天。處理後空倉及穀殼各採樣一次，袋裝稻穀貯藏4 及6 個月，袋裝玉米貯藏2 個月，袋裝高粱貯藏3 個月，於每月採樣一次。用Baythion 燻煙法對空倉昆蟲20 種，墊倉穀殼昆蟲11 種，及袋裝穀類昆蟲15 種均可全部殺死，此方法可達到經濟有效治蟲效果。Phostoxin 僅作為緊急燻蒸處理，效果雖佳，但因無殘效性，價格又昂貴，故燻蒸後再用Baythion 燻煙處理，治蟲更能徹底，且較經濟。 以六種藥劑用壎煙法處理麻布測定其殘留毒效，其中Actellic, Baythion , Dursban, Elsan 四種可維持5 個月以上，而Phosdrin 及Nexion 則維持4 個月左右。 Experiments were conducted at 3 empty warehouses with husks, 3 warehouses with bagged rice, 2 warehouses with bagged corn and 2 with bagged sorghum. Treating the warehouses with Baythion smoke at the rate of 0.5g (AI) m3 for 2 days for pest control was economic and effective. The treatment has killed 20 spp. of insects in empty warehouses, 11 spp. of insects in hus/ks, and 15 spp. of insects on bag surfaces. Fumigate with Phostoxin at 3 tab/M3 for 5 days was effective for emergency insect control. This fumigation followed with the treatment of Baythion smoke gave a more satisfied insect control effect. The residue effect of insect control on the surface of fiber bags lasted for 5 months, in the treatments of Actellic, Baythion, Dursban and Elsan, gave more ideal residue effect for insect control.