玉米雙對染色體轉座之成株農藝性狀對子實產量之影響

Abstract

由於玉米之染色體轉座時會造成結實率下降，百粒重增加及子實重減少等影響，因此改變了各項產量構成要素之重要性。本試驗將全套之⊙6 轉座異型接合組合種植於田間，試驗結果採用逐步複相關法進行分析，以比較染色體對產量構成要素之影響，由於⊙6 組合之結實率僅25%，故除穗重外，影響產量最重要之因素為百粒重，其次為結實率。吐絲期與株高為營養性狀，對子實產量之影響較小，如將穗重、百粒重及結實率等因素除去，方能顯示株高之重要性，至於吐絲期則無顯著之影響。 Chromosomal translocations in corn usually caused the decrement in seed fertility, hence alternated the yield components, as a result, the 100-seed weight would be increased while the total grain yield decreased. In this experiment hybrid combination of whole set of ⊙6 translocation heterozygotes were grown in the field to investigate the effects of chromosomal translocation on the yield components. Ther results showed that:100-Seed weight as well as ear weight, were the most important factor on grain yield. Ear fertility was inferior to 100-seed weight and ear weights owing to the low fertility (25%) of the ⊙6 individuals. Vegetative characters such as silking date and plant height, had less influences on yield. The influence of plant height appeared only when the effects of 100-seed weight and fertility were omitted. However, silking date showed no effect on grain yield if 100-seed weight and fertility were omitted.