水稻抗紋枯病之研究 (I)抗紋枯病之稻品種及其特性
Other Title
Studies on Varietal Resistance to Sheath Blight of Rice (I) The Resistant Varieties and Their Characters
Journal
中華農業研究
Journal Volume
28
Journal Issue
3
Pages
145-150
Date Issued
1979-09-03
Date
1979-09-03
Author(s)
鄧耀宗
許東暉
Y.C. Teng
T.H. Hsu
Abstract
紋枯病係本省水稻最主要的病害之一，平均每期為害面積約佔栽培面積四分之一。目前尚無抗病品種可資利用，一般均靠藥劑防治。本研究主要的目的是收集國內外比較抗病之品種加以觀察比較，期能獲得抗稻紋枯病之遺傳因子，供育種之用。初步試驗結果，投有任何品種可以抵抗病原菌之侵入，但生育後期的病徵，品種間有很明顯的差異。比較抗病的品種趨向於植株高大型，半矮性的品種似有偏向感病型之趨勢。但少數半矮性品種則具有與高大品種同樣抗病之特性。因此，以雜交育種法以育成優良而抗病之半矮性品種是可能的。此外，稻紋枯病病原菌，可能亦有生理小種方面的問題，在抗病育種上值得留意。
Sheath blight is one of the most important rice diseases in Taiwan. The infected acreage is about one quarter of the total rice area. However, no commercial rice variety showing resistance to the disease has been reported. The major way of controlling the disease, at the present, is chemical comtrol. Mon and Asozin have been widely used on the island. In fact, chemical control may cause environmental pollution, and increase the production cost. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to search the resistant gene of the disease, for tranferring it into the commercial varieties. The preliminary results showed that no rice variety can prevent the infection of the fungi after inoculation, but the difference in disease symptom among the varieties at the later stage of growth are obvious. The relatively resistant varieties tended to have a taller plant height, and the semidwarf rice varieties tended to be more susceptible to the disease. Thus, it may take a risk to develop semidwarf rice variety without considering the disease resistance. Fortunately, a few semidwarf rice varieties with moderate resistance to sheath blight have been found in the test. It indicates that a semidwarf rice variety which is susceptible to sheath blight can be improved by transferring the resistant gene (s) into it, regardless of the plant height. Besides, the reactions of rice varieties to sheath blight and to brown planthopper are positively correlated. It showed that the rice varieties, which are susceptible to the brown planthopper, are more sensitive to sheath blight. Some other characters may affect the disease reaction, such as tillering number, plant type, and growth duration, do not included in this paper.
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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