洋菇覆土消毒方法試驗初步報告

Abstract

用Chloropicrin. Formaldehyde火焰殺菌、Basamid 500ppm，及Basamid l,000ppm等方法消毒覆土，觀察對土壤理化性質、洋菇產量及土壤微生物相之影響。據土壤分析結果，經過消毒殺菌之土壤PH均提高（由4.7至7.0左右），各處理間之物理性質相差不大。洋菇產量以Chloropicrin消毒，增產量最高(41%), Formaldehyde消毒次之(39%)，火焰殺菌又次之(33%), Basamid 500ppm消毒（16%）居後，Basamid l,000ppm消毒却致使10%之減產。覆蓋土微生物相測定結果，Chloropicrin及Formaldehyde消毒放射菌均有增加而真菌却有減少之傾向。 The effects of soil sterilization on the physico-chemical properties and microflora of casing soil as well as that on mushroom yield were studied. The methods of sterilization employed were: 1. steam 2. chloropicrin 3. formaldehyde 4. 500ppm Basamid 5. 1,000 ppm Basamid. Soil pH was increased generally due to the sterilizations though the other physico-chenical properties were not affected significantly. Mushroom yield was increased 41%, 39%, 33% and 16%, respectively due to the sterilization with chloropicrin, formaldehyde, steam and 500ppm Basamid. The Sterilization with 1,000 ppm Basamid, on the other hand, caused 10% decrease in mushroom yield. The sterilization with chloropicrin and Formaldehyde caused an increase in the number of actinomyces but a decrease in the number of fungi.