耐旱性稻種臺農選1號及2號之育成

Abstract

(l）臺農選1號及2號，係為臺灣省農業試驗所，由Baritol之稻種以純系分離育成的耐早早熟及耐肥抗病性較強之新品種。 (2）臺灣選1號及2號，據表1之試驗成績分析結果，水稻臺中65號因隨斷水晒乾期問之延長，其生育不良，產量愈減少，惟臺農選1號其差異甚少，此可資明瞭生育上其需水量較水稻為少，又據表3，5，7，9等之試驗成績觀之，該試驗係於旱田（）以直播栽培，而生育期間中，僅靠天然下雨為唯一灌溉水源外，並未行人工權溉，惟其生育及產量甚佳，由此可資證明該兩新品種係宜於缺水地帶栽培的抗旱優良新品種。 (3）關於臺農選1號及2號之耕種上，在播種插秧期，未發生缺水之看天田，宜採用育苗插秧方法栽培，惟在播種插秧期已發生缺水之看天田，宜採用直播方法栽培，以防缺水水田休耕，以利增產之效果。 (4）此兩新品種栽培上，不忌任何土質，就中在砂質壤土，輕粘質壤土及腐植土等表土較深之土壤栽培，可發揮較高之生產效果。 (5）據本試驗成績分析結果，稻作品種間的耐旱性，影響產量差異較大，故為期本省缺水地區的稻作增產及地盡其用，今後應加強推行抗旱品種之直播栽培及研究現有水稻品種問之耐旱性。 The breeing for drought resistant varieties has been considered to an effective method for improvement of rice yield in weather-depend paddy field in Taiwan. In order to attain this purpose, mass selection for drought resistant lines, with an upland rice named Baritol (japonica type) was started at Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute in 1952. Two desiaable lines, one being non-glutinous, the other glutinous were seleted in 1955, The selected lines were subjected for the test of drought resistance, yield and adaptability for ten yeare. In 1964, the two new strains were formally named as Tainung Sel. No. 1 and No. 2 with approvement of Taiwan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Forestory of Taiwan Provincial Government. From the results of previous experiments, it was proved that, these varieties can stand heavey water shortage, therefore suitable to cultivate on weather-depend paddy field of montaneous region. The direct sowing method for this kind of paddy is recommended, while transplanting is recommended for ordinary paddy field. Further, the new varieties gave good yield wehn planted in soild of deep surface layer or light texture such as sandy loams.