魯冰根瘤菌之研究
Other Title
Studies on the Root-Nodule Bacteria of Lupine
Journal
農業研究
Journal Volume
10
Journal Issue
3
Start Page
16
End Page
28
Date Issued
1961-09-03
Date
1961-09-03
Author(s)
林敬德
C.T. Lin
Abstract
臺灣之茶園，殆分佈於肥力較低之黃棕壤或紅棕壤地帶。近年來為提高土壤有機質而增進生產力，以期茶量增產為目的而栽植魯冰充作茶園綠肥，甚為盛行。
本研究為配合魯冰栽培時，行純粹培養菌被種之需要而舉行。茲就魯冰根瘤菌之分離、形態、培養及生理的性質，並田間接種試驗等，所得結果，摘要如下：
1. 魯冰菌之酵母抽出液甘露醇培養五天之菌體，概呈短桿狀乃至桿狀。格氏染色性為陰性。鞭毛為單極毛。
2. 殆不發育於Gelatin培養基，且無液化性。馬鈴薯斜面上之發育頗不良，石蕊乳精培養示無乳清層形成，且使其反應鹼性化。
3. Indol. 硫化氫均不產生，而生成氨氣並具硝酸鹽還元性。
4. 本根瘤菌生育之最適宜 pH 值為 pH 5.5~6.9 ，而概以 pH 4.91 為生育之酸性界限。
5.本菌生育之最適宜溫度為 26~30°C，於 40°C則均不能生育。於50°C10分猶能不死，但55°C10分者概即死滅。
6. 本菌對氯化鈉之抵抗力頒低，氯化吶濃度達0.05%以上者則受其阻害。
7.本菌生育上適宜之碳素源，以葡萄糖、分解乳塘、甘露蜜糖、蔗糖、甘露醇為最優良。木質糖之生育最差。對於木質糖生酸較顯明，樹膠糖有生酸傾向外，其他之糖類則不生酸，反使其反應鹼性化。
8. 本菌種之田間接種效果，均甚顯著，就中L.6號菌之效果為最高。
Tea is one of the most important agricultural products in Taiwan, and is mostly grown in yellowish brown or reddish brown latosol areas. Owing to its low fertility and organic matter content, it is necessary to supply organic fertilizers.
Generally speaking, lupine is the most suitable green mamure for tea garden. In order to obtain the beneficial nodule bacteria for inoculation use, several strains were isolated from nodule of lupine, and concerning their morphology, cultural and phy-siological characters, as well as field inoculation experiments were studied.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1 The cells of Rhizobium lupini taken from five days culture in yeast extract mannitol agar were short rods or rods, Gram-negative, and the flagella were mon-otrichous.
2. On gelatin medium they showed very scant growth, and no liquefaction was observed. On potato slopes, they showed thin, meagre, transparent growth, and potatoes were not changed in colour. On litmus milk they showed slightly alkaline reactions, and no serum zone was formed.
3. All strains showed no formation of indol and hydrogen sulfide, but ammonia was formed, and nitrite was produced from nitrate.
4. The optimum pH value for the growth was pH 5.5-6.9, and it seems that pH
4.91 was the limit of the acid side.
5. The optimum temperature for the growth was 26-30°C, and all strains were unable to grow at 40°C. They could grow for ten mi. at 50°C, but could not grow for ten mim. above 55°C.
6. All strains shcwed very low resistance to sodium chloride, the growth of Rhizobia was obstructed on the concentration above 0.05 percent.
7. Glucose, galactose, mannose, sucrose and mannitol were the best carbon sources for the growth of Rh. lupini. The reaction of most carbon. compounds became alkaline reaction, except that, the xylose and arabinose were acid reaction, but the former was rather remarkable than the latter.
8. The results of field inoculation experiment showed that all strains were very effective, particularly the strain L.6 which produced the highest yield in all localities.
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
File(s)![Thumbnail Image]()
Loading...
Name
journal_arc_10-3-3.pdf
Size
2.99 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum
(MD5):5fae12b2207b026c34eb6a9f80fcc224