評估施用水楊酸混合液 (SMC 溶液) 於小黃瓜植株對棉蚜(Aphis gossypii Glover) 之影響

Abstract

本研究測試小黃瓜植株噴施0.01% 水楊酸 (salicylic acid)、水楊酸甲酯 (methyl salicylate) 及氯化膽鹼(choline chloride) 混合溶液 (0.01% SMC)，對小黃瓜植株及棉蚜之影響。結果顯示，噴施處理組之植株呈現顯著較高的株高、葉片數及花數，而分別以噴施、揮發、種子浸泡及澆灌等方法使用0.01% SMC 處理後，棉蚜數量分別約為對照組的64.0、67.8、61.3 及66.1%。其中，噴施0.01% SMC 處理組，僅需施用1 次即可使小黃瓜植株產生對棉蚜的防禦效果，且可持效5 wk。戶外盆栽試驗部分，結果顯示於噴施0.01% SMC 於「新蜜」、「秀燕」及「阿秀」等小黃瓜植株後，棉蚜的天敵累計數量顯著高於對照組及農藥處理組；而棉蚜數量則分別約為對照組的67.3、80.1 及89.7%，但均顯著高於農藥處理組。試驗結果顯示，小黃瓜植株噴施0.01%SMC 具有促進植株生長及減輕棉蚜危害之效果，具潛力開發做為棉蚜非農藥防治的輔助資材。 This study presents the effect of 0.01% SMC (0.01% mixed solution of salicylic acid, methyl salicylate and choline chloride) on cucumber seedlings and cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover). Significant higher height and number of leaves and flowers were found on the cucumber seedlings sprayed with 0.01% SMC than control. Cotton aphid number from cucumber seedlings treated with 0.01% SMC by spraying, volatile, seed soaking and irrigating were ca. 64.0, 67.8, 61.3 and 66.1%, respectively, of that on control cucumber seedlings. Cucumber seedlings sprayed with 0.01% SMC one time could induce defensive effect to cotton aphid and effectiveness lasted 5 wk. Results from outdoor pot tests showed that significant higher cumulative natural enemies number of cotton aphid on the cucumber seedlings ‘Xin mi’, ‘Xiu yan’ and ‘A xiu’ sprayed with 0.01% SMC than control and pesticide treatment; cotton aphid numbers were ca. 67.3, 80.1 and 89.7%, respectively, of that on control cucumber seedlings but all significant higher than pesticide treatment. These results revealed that 0.01% SMC could promote growth of cucumber seedlings and reduce cotton aphid infestations. The 0.01% SMC could be as an assistant tool for cotton aphid non-pesticide control program. Farmland tests are necessary to confirm the efficiency of this treatment before further use.